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作者：Macambira, Danil Agafiev; Geruso, Michael; Lollo, Anthony; Ndumele, Chima D.; Wallace, Jacob
作者单位：Yale University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This paper examines the effects of privatizing social health insurance. We exploit a natural experiment in Medicaid, wherein nearly 100,000 enrollees were randomly assigned between a publicly operated fee-for-service system and private managed care. Managed care reduced costs by 5.6 percent via cost-effective substitutions among prescription drugs and via lower prices for outpatient services. We present evidence that pharmacy utilization management was the key mechanism reducing overuse and en...
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作者：Ai, Hengjie; Bansal, Ravi; Guo, Hongye; Yaron, Amir
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Hong Kong; Bank of Israel
摘要：This paper develops an asset market-based test for preference for the timing of resolution of uncertainty. Our main theorem provides a characterization of preference for early resolution of uncertainty in terms of the risk premium realized during the period when the informativeness of macroeconomic announcements is resolved. Empirically, we find support for preference for early resolution of uncertainty based on evidence on the dynamics of the implied volatility of S&P 500 index options before...
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作者：Barrios-Fernandez, Andres; Neilson, Christopher; Zimmerman, Seth
作者单位：Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); Yale University
摘要：Do elite colleges help talented students join the social elite or help incumbent elites retain their positions? We combine intergenerationally linked data from Chile with a regression discontinuity design to show that, looking across generations, elite colleges do both. Lower-status individuals who gain admission to elite college programs transform their children's social environment. Children become more likely to attend high-status private schools and colleges and to live near and befriend h...
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作者：Alfano, Marco; Cornelissen, Thomas
作者单位：University of Southampton; University of Essex
摘要：Conflict along transportation routes during Somalia's al-Shabaab insurgency significantly increases maize prices at distant locations, decreasing food security, health, and education. Estimated conflict risk has strong price effects independently of realized conflict, highlighting the importance of safety concerns. A model of least-cost route choice in the presence of conflict reveals that more and shorter alternative routes to circumvent conflict can lower prices but their effectiveness dimin...
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作者：Montag, Felix
作者单位：New York University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Policy choices often create trade-offs between workers and consumers. I examine how foreign competition alters the consumer welfare and domestic employment effects of mergers. I construct a model incorporating consumer demand, endogenous product portfolios, and employment decisions. Applying the model to Whirlpool's acquisition of Maytag in the appliance industry, I compare the observed merger to a counterfactual acquisition by a foreign buyer. Although Whirlpool's acquisition decreased consum...
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作者：Schaede, Ursina; Mankki, Ville
作者单位：Tufts University; University of Jyvaskyla
摘要：We evaluate equity-efficiency trade-offs from admissions quotas by examining effects on output once beneficiaries start producing in the relevant industry. We estimate the impact of abolishing a 40 percent quota for male primary school teachers on their pupils' long-run outcomes. We combine this reform with the timing of union-bargained teacher retirements to isolate quasi-random variation in male quota teachers. Pupils exposed to male quota teachers transition more smoothly to postcompulsory ...
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作者：Ehrlich, Gabriel; Haltiwanger, John; Jarmin, Ron; Johnson, David; Olivares, Ed; Pardue, Luke; Shapiro, Matthew D.; Zhao, Laura Yi
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; National Bureau of Economic Research; United States Department of the Treasury; Bank of Canada
摘要：Item-level transactions data yield cost-of-living indices that can account for quality change and consumer substitution. Transactions data require confronting the rapid turnover of items because prices of new and existing products are interrelated in equilibrium. This paper evaluates multiple approaches to measuring quality change at scale. It shows that a hedonic superlative approach-using econometrics or machine learning for hedonic estimation combined with index formulas that require simult...
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作者：Algan, Yann; Dalvit, Nicolo; Do, Quoc-Anh; Le Chapelain, Alexis; Zenou, Yves
作者单位：Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; The World Bank; Monash University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Southampton
摘要：We examine how social interactions and friendships shape students' political opinions in a natural experiment at Sciences Po, a leading French university specializing in social and political sciences. The quasi-random assignment of students into short-term integration groups before their academic curriculum reduces political opinion gaps and fosters friendship formation. Using same-group membership as an instrumental variable for friendship, we find that friendship reduces opinion differences ...
