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作者：Fenton, George; Koenig, Felix
作者单位：United States Department of the Treasury; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：We study the impact of entertainment technology on labor supply. Using Social Security work histories and a natural experiment arising from the regulated US rollout of television, we estimate that a station launch reduced the probability of working by around 0.3 percentage points, driven mainly by an increase in older-age-group retirement rates. The results support the hypothesis that television's rise contributed to the midcentury transition of retirement from a necessity to golden years of e...
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作者：Blundell, Richard; Lopez, Hugo; Ziliak, James P.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Chicago; University of Kentucky
摘要：We estimate the full distribution of life cycle wages for cohorts of men and women in the United States using a quantile selection model to account for systematic differences in employment by gender and education group. Although common within-group time effects are shown to be a key driver of labor market inequalities across gender, important additional differences by birth cohort emerge with more recent cohorts of women delaying child rearing and, by implication, the onset of child penalties ...
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作者：Ahmad, Husnain F.; Ali, Ayesha; Meeks, Robyn C.; Wang, Zhenxuan; Younas, Javed
作者单位：Trinity University; Lahore University of Management Sciences; Duke University; North Carolina State University; American University of Sharjah
摘要：We study the effects of a technical intervention in Karachi, Pakistan-- converting bare distribution wires to aerial bundled cables (ABCs)-- that was intended to prevent illegal grid connections and improve utility cost recovery. Theft-resistant cables reduced losses. This occurred primarily through decreases in unbilled consumption, with the number of formal utility customers and their billed consumption both increasing. Load-shedding outages decreased. In areas with these cables installed, c...
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作者：Giaccobasso, Matias; Nathan, Brad; Perez-Truglia, Ricardo; Zentner, Alejandro
作者单位：VATT Institute for Economic Research; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：Do perceptions about government spending affect willingness to pay taxes? We test this hypothesis with a natural field experiment that focuses on the allocation of property taxes to public schools. Our results show that taxpayers often misperceive the destination of their tax dollars. By introducing shocks to households' perceptions via an information-provision experiment, we find that perceptions of how tax dollars are used significantly affect the probability of filing a tax appeal. Moreover...
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作者：Le Barbanchon, Thomas
作者单位：Bocconi University
摘要：This paper tests whether partially unemployed workers value future preserved benefits when they bunch at the kink of the unemployment insurance benefit-withdrawal schedule. I extend the bunching formula of Saez (2010) to a dynamic setting that accounts for the value of future benefits tied to taxation. This yields new tests of tax-benefit linkage based on bunching heterogeneity. I verify in quasi-experiments that UI extension programs that decrease the value of future preserved benefits lead t...
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作者：Facchini, Giovanni; Knight, Brian; Testa, Cecilia
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Brown University
摘要：This paper investigates the relationship between the franchise and policing. We find that, following the Voting Rights Act of 1965, Black arrest rates in counties that both had more newly enfranchised Blacks and were covered by the legislation fell, compared to similar Southern counties that were not covered. We document no corresponding patterns for White arrests. Our results are driven by arrests by sheriffs, who are always elected, and by less serious offenses. These results indicate that v...
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作者：Calla-Zuanna, Antonio; Liu, Kai; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：European Central Bank; Bank of Italy; IZA Institute Labor Economics; IFS; University of Cambridge; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We analyze the effects of reforming the high school admission system from a residence based allocation to a merit-based allocation. The merit-based system generates oversubscribed schools, which favor high-GPA students at the expense of displacing low-GPA ones. We use the potential outcomes framework to analyze the effects of the reform, separating the effects for those gaining access to competitive schools from those losing access and identifying these parameters by using the reform as an ins...
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作者：Ejermo, Olof; Enflo, Kerstin; Eriksson, Bjorn; Prawitz, Erik
作者单位：Lund University; Linnaeus University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：Despite significant circular migration flows historically and today, their economic impacts remain understudied. Using data on predominantly rural Swedish migrants who returned from the United States during the Age of Mass Migration, we estimate returns to temporary migration in terms of wealth, income, demographic, and social outcomes. We find substantial wealth effects but limited evidence of increased labor income or occupational upgrading. Male returnees held nearly double the wealth of st...
