-
作者：Ferroni, Matteo F.
作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：I study how economic expectation shocks induced by elections contribute to democratic discontent in polarized societies, focusing on the 2022 Brazilian presidential election. Using newly collected survey data, I investigate how respondents' expectations and attitudes toward democracy evolved after the opposition candidate's narrow victory. By resurveying respondents post-election, I show that losing polarized voters who overestimate their candidate's chances of winning experience a large negat...
-
作者：Figueiredo, Ana; Marie, Olivier; Markiewicz, Agnieszka
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Segmented labor markets, where stable jobs coexist with insecure, high-turnover positions, make job security key to workers' long-term outcomes. Using Dutch administrative data, we study the impact of displacement on job security and the role of cash-on-hand. One year after displacement, permanent employment falls by about one-fifth and remains lower five years later, amplifying wage losses: displaced workers who lose job security experience losses 21 % larger than those retaining a permanent ...
-
作者：Johnsen, Julian Vedeler; Khoury, Laura
作者单位：University of Bergen
摘要：This paper provides direct evidence that shared incarceration can facilitate the formation of post-release criminal partnerships. Using Norwegian administrative data linking prison spells to police case identifiers, we measure network ties through subsequent co-offending. We exploit time-based variation in exposure within facilities by comparing inmate pairs in the same facility who differ only in whether their spells overlapped. Overlap is as sociated with a 37% increase in five-year co-offen...
-
作者：Srinivasan, Krishna; Valasek, Justin; Wang, Weijia
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of St Gallen
摘要：To address rising income inequality, governments typically rely on two levers: predistribution policies that im plement inequality reduction before incomes are earned-e.g., minimum-wage laws-and redistribution policies that implement inequality reduction after incomes are earned-e.g., taxes and transfers. We explore whether support for reducing inequality depends on the choice of policy lever. Using incentivized experiments with the general population of the US and Sweden (N = 2510), we study ...
-
作者：Garin, Andrew; Jackson, Emilie; Koustas, Dmitri; Miller, Alicia
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Michigan State University; University of Chicago
摘要：The rise of platform gig work in recent years has meant more workers have self-employment earnings, which are not subject to tax withholding but are generally covered by information reporting on 1099 returns. In 2017, many gig workers suddenly and unexpectedly stopped receiving a 1099 for their work activity, providing an opportunity to study the impact of third-party reporting on tax compliance for gig workers. We first exploit exogenous variation in receiving a 1099 information return using ...
-
作者：La Nauze, Andrea; Friesen, Lana; Li Lim, Kai; Menezes, Flavio; Page, Lionel; Philip, Thara; Whitehead, Jake
作者单位：Deakin University; University of Queensland; University of Sydney
摘要：Electric vehicles are key to decarbonizing transportation, but, as batteries-on-wheels, they present novel chal lenges and opportunities for grids simultaneously transitioning to renewable energy. In a field experiment tracking 390 electric vehicles minute-by-minute, we show that time-based charging incentives dramatically shift not only when vehicles are charged, but also where. Incentives to increase charging during solar energy genera tion hours lead to a 34% rise in charging-mostly outside...
-
作者：Cook, Jason; East, Chloe N.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We provide the first, modern, causal estimates of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program's (SNAP) General Work Requirement and Employment and Training (E&T) Program on parents. To do so, we use linked adminis trative panel data on program receipt and earnings. Parents do not increase their work, and are much less likely to receive SNAP after the requirements are imposed. The disenrollment effect is driven by the E&T Program and those who have weaker labor market attachment.
-
作者：Chadi, Adrian; Hoffmann, Manuel
作者单位：University of Southampton; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：While watching television is one of the most time-consuming human activities, its potential negative effects on well-being are discussed in the literature as a prime example of irrational behavior. We are the first to comprehensively address this possible paradox by exploiting a novel setting in the research on the effects of television for society: a natural experiment in the late 1980s where people in a few geographically restricted areas of West Germany received commercial TV via terrestria...
-
作者：Liu, Zhihan; Mahler, Amy C.
作者单位：University of Southern California; RAND Corporation
摘要：The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to effective legal representation for all defendants, regardless of income. In practice, this constitutional promise depends critically on the working conditions of the public de fenders who represent low-income clients. This paper examines how the workloads public defenders face affect the outcomes of the cases they handle. Using the universe of public defense case records from two U.S. states and quasi-random variation in workloads induced by strict c...
-
作者：Dinarte-Diaz, Lelys; Ravindran, Saravana; Shah, Manisha; Powers, Shawn; Baker-Henningham, Helen
作者单位：The World Bank; National University of Singapore; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; The World Bank; University West Indies Mona Jamaica; Bangor University
摘要：Approximately 75% of children aged 2 to 4 worldwide are regularly subjected to violent discipline. We study the impact of a digitally delivered intervention on positive parenting practices in Jamaica using a randomized controlled trial. Results show that the intervention improves caregiver knowledge (0.52 SD), attitudes toward violence (0.2 SD), and reduces caregiver violence against children (0.12 SD). Treatment children experience fewer emotional problems (0.17 SD). We also find reductions i...
