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作者：Calvi, Rossella; Keskar, Ajinkya
作者单位：Rice University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY
摘要：We develop a noncooperative bargaining model with incomplete information linking dowry payments, domestic violence, resource allocation between a husband and a wife, and separation. Our model generates several predictions, which we test empirically using amendments to the Indian antidowry law as a natural experiment. We document a decline in women's bargaining power and separations and a surge in domestic violence following the amendments. These unintended effects are attenuated when social st...
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作者：Barwick, Panle Jia; Li, Shanjun; Rao, Deyu; Zahur, Nahim Bin
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Queens University - Canada
摘要：This paper exploits the universe of credit- and debit-card transactions in China during 2013-2015 and provides the first nationwide analysis of the health care cost of PM2.5 for a developing country. We leverage spatial spillovers of PM2.5 from long-range transport to generate exogenous variation in local pollution, and we employ a flexible distributed lag model to capture semiparametrically the dynamic response of pollution exposure. We find significant impacts of PM2.5 on health care spendin...
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作者：Clemens, Jeffrey; Rogers, Parker
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：We show that the demand shocks associated with the U.S. Civil War and World War I led to substantial increases in prosthetic device patenting (relative to patenting in other medical and mechanical technology classes). Through analyses of patent texts, we find that the Civil War led inventors to focus on production process improvements, while World War I did not. Further, we find that inventors emphasized dimensions of product quality that aligned with differences in buyers' preferences across ...
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作者：Rivera, Roman G.; Ba, Bocar A.
作者单位：Georgetown University; Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Does police oversight increase crime? Studies examining this relationship often rely on major scandals as shocks, but the simultaneous effect of public outrage on officer behavior and crime contaminates the results. Using a framework distinguishing oversight and outrage, we identify two events that increased oversight but elicited no public reaction. We find that despite a subsequent decline in reported misconduct, these oversight increases likely did not significantly impact crime or officer ...
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作者：Barsanetti, Bruno
摘要：I examine the long-run effects of the timing of railroad construction on city sizes. I first present a stylized model that predicts that towns that are railroad end points for a longer period of time become persistently larger. I then show that, in a sample of Brazilian railroad towns, time as end point strongly predicts town size: each additional year that a town was a railroad end point in the past is associated with a town population 0.107 log points larger in 2010. Additional testable impl...
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作者：Gaynor, Martin; Sacarny, Adam; Sadun, Raffaella; Syverson, Chad; Venkatesh, Shruthi
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University; Harvard University; University of Chicago
摘要：Despite the continuing U.S. hospital merger wave, it remains unclear how mergers change, or fail to change, hospital behavior and performance. We open the black box of hospital practices through a megamerger between two for-profit chains. Benchmarking the merger's effects against the acquirer's stated aims, we show they achieved some of their goals, harmonizing electronic medical records and sending managers to target hospitals. Postacquisition managerial processes were similar across the merg...
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作者：Horn, Samantha; Jamison, Julian C.; Karlan, Dean; Zinman, Jonathan
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Exeter; Northwestern University; Dartmouth College
摘要：We experimentally evaluate group-based financial education, savings account access, or both for members of Ugandan youth groups. We measure both short- and long-run impacts with one and five-year endline household surveys. Education, but not account access, increases measured financial knowledge and trust at one year. At five years, knowledge effects essentially disappear, and trust effects weaken. However, savings and in-come increase for each treatment at both endlines, which is noteworthy g...
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作者：Low, David
摘要：Why do homeowners default on mortgages? This paper studies the question using a survey specifically designed for the purpose, with a sample drawn from (and matched to) rich administrative data. I find that a wide variety of typically unobserved liquidity shocks together trigger nearly all defaults, so strategic default with no liquidity trigger is much less common than it usually appears. Conversely, even in this uniquely rich data, I find that many foreclosures are not triggered by negative h...
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作者：Possebom, Vitor
摘要：I partially identify the marginal treatment effect (MTE) when the treatment is misclassified. I explore two restrictions, allowing for dependence between the instrument and the misclassification decision. If the signs of the propensity scores' derivatives are equal, I identify the MTE sign. If those derivatives are similar, I bound the MTE. To illustrate, I analyze the impact of alternative sentences (fines and community service versus no punishment) on recidivism in Brazil, where court appeal...
