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作者：Gershgoren, Sagi; Cohen, Nissim
作者单位：University of Haifa
摘要：Unbiased conduct is an essential part of the social contract between the state and its citizens. Yet, when tasked with settling disputes between citizens and other state officials, are public administrators truly impartial in their resolutions? Such a question is vital for street-level bureaucrats whom the public perceives as the face of governance. This study investigates the relations between the pro-citizen tendencies in street-level bureaucrats' resolutions, their internal appealability, a...
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作者：Ciornei, Irina; Euchner, Eva-Maria; Preisner, Michalina; Yesil, Ilay
作者单位：University of Munich; University of Bern
摘要：This article makes important contributions to governance research by studying the implementation of policies with high potential for goal incongruence between intermediaries and regulators. Building on a regulatory intermediation framework and prevailing theories from organizational institutionalism, we propose an original typology that classifies intermediaries' strategies for coping with challenging regulations. Furthermore, we explain the choice of these strategies based on intermediaries' ...
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作者：De Grandis, Giovanni; Brass, Irina; Farid, Suzanne S.
作者单位：Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London
摘要：The need to better balance the promotion of scientific and technological innovation with risk management for consumer protection has inspired several recent reforms attempting to make regulations more flexible and adaptive. The pharmaceutical sector has a long, established regulatory tradition, as well as a long history of controversies around how to balance incentives for needed therapeutic innovations and protecting patient safety. The emergence of disruptive biotechnologies has provided the...
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作者：Gustafsson, Maria-Therese; Schilling-Vacaflor, Almut; Lenschow, Andrea
作者单位：Stockholm University; University Osnabruck
摘要：In the recent past, European states have adopted mandatory due diligence (MDD) laws for holding companies accountable for the environmental and human rights impacts of their supply chains. The institutionalization of the international due diligence norm into domestic legislation has, however, been highly contested. Our contribution analyzes the discursive struggles about the meaning of due diligence that have accompanied the institutionalization of MDD in Germany and France. Based on document ...
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作者：Li, Hui; Farid, May
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong
摘要：International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) are increasingly important players in global politics and development. However, they are undergoing significant adaptations as governments worldwide have instituted restrictions to regulate their activities. What explains the various ways in which they respond to these institutional pressures? In our study of INGO responses to a new restrictive law in China, we identify four strategic responses with varying levels of compliance: legal registr...
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作者：Wang, Li; Demeritt, David; Rothstein, Henry
作者单位：University of London; King's College London
摘要：This paper explores the struggles of China's party-state to address chronic food safety problems by adopting international best practices of risk-based regulation. Despite formally adopting risk-based approaches for targeting inspections and enforcement in 2002, implementation has been halting and uneven, as we show in the first analysis of risk-based regulation beyond its OECD heartlands. Drawing on policy document analysis and 36 key informant interviews with food business operators and gove...
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作者：Patay, Dori; Friel, Sharon; Schram, Ashley; Sell, Susan
作者单位：Australian National University
摘要：Multisectoral governance has been recognized to be vital to regulate harmful commodity industries, yet countries struggle with reaching policy coherence due to government agencies' conflicting mandates and industry interference. Limited empirical evidence is available on how interests, ideas, and institutions intersect and influence multisectoral governance in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Pacific small island developing states (PSIDS), often exploited by vested industry in...
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作者：Rajavuori, Mikko; Savaresi, Annalisa; van Asselt, Harro
作者单位：University of Turku; University of Eastern Finland; University of Stirling; Utrecht University; University of Turku
摘要：The debate on corporate climate accountability has become increasingly prominent in recent years. Several countries, particularly in the Global North, have adopted mandatory human rights and/or environmental due diligence legislation. At the same time, judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings are helping to shape the contours of corporate climate accountability. This article considers how litigation against corporations and due diligence legislation interact, and thereby help develop and streng...
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作者：Robb, Lachlan; Candy, Trent; Deane, Felicity
作者单位：Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
摘要：Regulatory failure caused by overlapping regulations is ubiquitous, with examples in all jurisdictions across a range of disciplines. Overlapping regulation can be problematic. It obscures policy objectives and hinders the development of effective and clear regulation. In addition, regulatory overlap can inflict real costs on businesses through repetitive inspections and data collection efforts. It is particularly burdensome when agencies issue conflicting rules with inconsistent standards. Re...
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作者：McGrath, Joe; Walker, Ciaran
作者单位：University College Dublin
摘要：This article addresses the issue of renewing a sense of vocation in finance. Drawing on experiences in the UK, Australia, and Ireland, three common law jurisdictions at various phases of developing an ethical esprit de corps to professionalize the banking industry, it argues that adopting some aspects of a profession, a trajectory towards professionalization of the banking industry, could serve, at least to some extent, to improve the industry-wide norms that influence firms' cultures and indi...
