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作者：Kinniburgh, Fiona; Selin, Henrik; Selin, Noelle E.; Schreurs, Miranda
作者单位：Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; Boston University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Private standards play an increasingly important governance role, yet their effects on state-led policymaking remain understudied. We examine how the operation of private agricultural standards influences multilateral pesticide governance with a particular focus on the listing of substances under the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, a treaty-based information-sharing mechanism that allows countri...
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作者：Arnoltz, J.
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作者：Gray, Wayne B.; Mendeloff, John
作者单位：Clark University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Are stronger direct financial incentives or regulatory enforcement effective in reducing fatalities in the construction industry? We examine two important policies-state workers' compensation (WC) programs and federal and state Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) activities-which embody those strategies. We examine their impact by looking at state-level fatality rates in the construction industry from 1992 to 2016. Setting aside highway crashes and violence, the majority of em...
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作者：Schrama, Reini
作者单位：Radboud University Nijmegen
摘要：The need for supranational regulatory capacity and the drive for governmental control are two colliding forces in international governance. As a solution to this governance dilemma, European administrative networks need to simultaneously fulfill the demand for supranational institutions and maintain governmental control. The assessment of risks associated with medicines authorized on the European market is carried out by such a network of national regulators as part of the European Medicines A...
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作者：Baker, Tom; Shortland, Anja
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of London; King's College London
摘要：The insurance as governance literature focuses on the ability of private enterprises to collectively regulate, pool, and distribute risks. This paper analyzes how governments support insurance markets to maintain insurability and limit risks to society. We propose a new conceptual framework grouping government interventions into three dimensions: regulation of risky activity, public investment in risk reduction, and co-insurance. We apply this framework to six case studies, describing insuranc...
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作者：de la Porte, Caroline; Jensen, Mads Dagnis; Kvist, Jon
作者单位：Copenhagen Business School; Roskilde University
摘要：Nordic countries are known for having extensive welfare services, a highly compressed wage structure owing to strong social partners, as well as effective regulation and governance in public administration. Various typologies capture aspects of the institutional features of families of nations across various policy areas, showing that there is a specific Nordic variant of political economy. While there is an extensive literature focusing on socio-economic outcomes in the Nordic countries, ther...
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作者：Hill, Dustin T.; Collins, Mary B.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; State University of New York (SUNY) College of Environmental Science & Forestry; Syracuse University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; State University of New York (SUNY) College of Environmental Science & Forestry
摘要：Public procurement is a large sector of the economy with most procurement going to the defense sector. Procurement by the defense sector includes purchases made through contracts to private businesses that manufacture durable goods. Manufacturing of these goods results in pollution production with toxic wastes being among the most dangerous pollutants for public health. Despite green purchasing policy goals, most transactions in the United States through defense contracts result in disproporti...
