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作者：Chen, Yang; Shen, Kuang; Shan, Shu-Ou; Kou, S. C.
作者单位：Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; California Institute of Technology
摘要：To maintain proper cellular functions, over 50% of proteins encoded in the genome need to be transported to cellular membranes. The molecular mechanism behind such a process, often referred to as protein targeting, is not well understood. Single-molecule experiments are designed to unveil the detailed mechanisms and reveal the functions of different molecular machineries involved in the process. The experimental data consist of hundreds of stochastic time traces from the fluorescence recording...
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作者：Bura, Efstathia; Duarte, Sabrina; Forzani, Liliana
作者单位：George Washington University; National University of the Littoral
摘要：We develop methodology for identifying and estimating sufficient reductions in regressions with predictors that, given the response, follow a multivariate exponential family distribution. This setup includes regressions where predictors are all continuous, all categorical, or mixtures of categorical and continuous. We derive the minimal sufficient reduction of the predictors and its maximum likelihood estimator by modeling the conditional distribution of the predictors given the response. Wher...
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作者：Chen, Jingxiang; Liu, Yufeng; Zeng, Donglin; Song, Rui; Zhao, Yingqi; Kosorok, Michael R.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; North Carolina State University; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine
摘要：Xu, Muller, Wahed, and Thall proposed a Bayesian model to analyze an acute leukemia study involving multi :stage chemotherapy regimes. We discuss two alternative methods, Q-learning and O-learning, to solve the same problem from the machine learning point of view. The numerical studies show that these methods can be flexible and have advantages in some situations to handle treatment heterogeneity while being robust to model misspecification.
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作者：Yue, Chen; Zipunnikov, Vadim; Bazin, Pierre-Louis; Dzung Pham; Reich, Daniel; Crainiceanu, Ciprian; Caffo, Brian
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Max Planck Society; United States Department of Defense; Center for Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine (CNRM); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
摘要：In this article, we are concerned with data generated from a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). experiment. The goal is to parameterize manifold-like white matter tracts, such as the corpus callosum, using principal surfaces. The problem is approached by finding a geometrically motivated surface-based representation of the corpus callosum and visualized fractional anisotropy (FA) values projected onto the surface. The method also applies to any other diffusion summary. An algorithm is proposed th...
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作者：Duivesteijn, Wouter
作者单位：Ghent University; Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre; Ghent University
摘要：Zhang derives approximations for the distribution of a mixture of chi-squared distributions. The two derived approximation bounds in Theorem 1.1 both contain an arithmetic error. These are corrected here.
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作者：McCormick, Tyler H.; Li, Zehang Richard; Calvert, Clara; Crampin, Amelia C.; Kahn, Kathleen; Clark, Samuel J.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; University of Witwatersrand; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; INDEPTH Network
摘要：In regions without complete-coverage civil registration and vitalstatistics systems:there is uncertainty about even the most basic demographic indicators. In such regions, the majority of deaths occur outside hospitals and are not recorded. Worldwide, fewer than one-third of deaths are assigned a cause, with the least information available from the most impoverished nations. In populations like this, verbal autopsy (VA) is a commonly used tool to assess cause of death and estimate cause-specif...
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作者：Pimentel, Samuel D.; Small, Dylan S.; Rosenbaum, Paul R.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：The informal folklore of observational studies claims that if an irrelevant observed covariate is left uncontrolled, say unmatched, then it will influence treatment assignment in haphazard ways, thereby diminishing the biases from unmeasured covariates. We prove a result along these lines: it is true, in a certain sense, to a limited degree, under certain conditions. Alas, the conditions are neither inconsequential nor easy to check in empirical work; indeed, they are often dubious, more often...
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作者：Steele, Fiona; Washbrook, Elizabeth; Charlton, Christopher; Browne, William J.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Bristol
摘要：We develop a random effects discrete choice model for the analysis of households' choice of neighborhood over time. The model is parameterized in a way that exploits longitudinal data to separate the influence of neighborhood characteristics on the decision to move out of the current area (push effects) and on the choice of one destination over another (pull effects). Random effects are included to allow for unobserved heterogeneity between households in their propensity to move, and in the im...
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作者：Chen, Ziqi; Leng, Chenlei
作者单位：Central South University; University of Warwick
摘要：An important problem in contemporary statistics is to understand the relationship among a large number of variables based on a dataset, usually with p, the number of the variables, much larger than n, the sample size. Recent efforts have focused on modeling static covariance matrices where pairwise covariances are considered invariant. In many real systems, however, these pairwise relations often change. To characterize the changing correlations in a high-dimensional system, we study a class o...
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作者：Diggle, Peter J.; Giorgi, Emanuele
作者单位：Lancaster University
摘要：In low-resource settings, prevalence mapping relies on empirical prevalence data from a finite, often spatially sparse, set of surveys of communities within the region of interest, possibly supplemented by remotely sensed images that can act as proxies for environmental risk factors. A standard geostatistical model for data of this kind is a generalized linear mixed model with binomial error distribution, logistic link, and a combination of explanatory variables and a Gaussian spatial stochast...
