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作者：Cohn, Eric R.; Song, Zirui; Zubizarreta, Jose R.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Gun violence is a major source of injury and death in the United States. However, relatively little is known about the effects of firearm injuries on survivors and their family members and how these effects vary. To study these questions and, more generally, to address a gap in the methodological causal inference literature, we present a framework for the study of effect modification or heterogeneous treatment effects in difference-in-differences designs. We implement a new matching technique,...
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作者：Palmer, Glenn; Herring, Amy H.; Dunson, David B.
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：Developmental epidemiology commonly focuses on assessing the association between multiple early life exposures and childhood health. Statistical analyses of data from such studies focus on inferring the contributions of individual exposures, while also characterizing time-varying and interacting effects. Such inferences are made more challenging by correlations among exposures, nonlinearity, and the curse of dimensionality. Motivated by studying the effects of prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) and ph...
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作者：Deutsch, Isabella; Ross, Gordon J.
作者单位：University of Edinburgh
摘要：Product cannibalisation in the marketplace refers to the decrease in the sales of one product due to competition from another product. We examine this phenomenon in a wholesale data set provided by a major international company. We use a multivariate Hawkes process where each product is represented by a dimension, with cross-inhibition effects that model product cannibalisation. To implement the Hawkes process with inhibition, we resolve challenges regarding the integration of the intensity fu...
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作者：Chattopadhyay, Shounak; Engel, Stephanie M.; Dunson, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Duke University; Duke University
摘要：There is abundant interest in assessing the joint effects of multiple exposures on human health. This is often referred to as the mixtures problem in environmental epidemiology and toxicology. Classically, studies have examined the adverse health effects of different chemicals one at a time, but there is concern that certain chemicals may act together to amplify each other's effects. Such amplification is referred to as synergistic interaction, while chemicals that inhibit each other's effects...
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作者：Anakok, Emre; Barbillon, Pierre; Fontaine, Colin; Thebault, Elisa
作者单位：Universite Paris Saclay; AgroParisTech; INRAE; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); INRAE; Universite Paris-Est-Creteil-Val-de-Marne (UPEC); Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Sorbonne Universite; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)
摘要：The structure of a bipartite interaction network can be described by providing a clustering for each of the two types of nodes. Such clusterings are outputted by fitting a latent block model (LBM) on an observed network that comes from a sampling of species interactions. However, the sampling is limited and possibly uneven. This may jeopardize the fit of the LBM and then the description of the structure of the network by detecting structures resulting from the sampling and not from actual unde...
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作者：Passino, Francesco sanna; Mantziou, Anastasia; Ghani, Daniyar; Thiede, Philip; Bevington, Ross; Heard, Nicholas a.
作者单位：Imperial College London; University of Warwick
摘要：Cyber systems are under near-constant threat from intrusion attempts. Attacks types vary, but each attempt typically has a specific underlying intent, and the perpetrators are typically groups of individuals with similar objectives. Clustering attacks appearing to share a common intent is very valuable to threat-hunting experts. This article explores Dirichlet distribution topic models for clustering terminal session commands collected from honeypots, which are special network hosts designed t...
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作者：Shi-Jun, Samantha; Shand, Lyndsay; Li, Bo
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Sandia National Laboratories
摘要：Significant events, such as volcanic eruptions, can have global and longlasting impacts on climate. These global impacts, however, are not uniform across space and time. Understanding how the Mt. Pinatubo eruption affects global and regional climate is of great interest for predicting the impact on climate due to similar events as well as understanding the possible effect of the stratospheric aerosol injections proposed to combat climate change. While many studies illustrated the impact of the...
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作者：Li, Dayi; Stringer, Alex; Brown, Patrick e.; Eadie, Gwendolyn m.; Abraham, Roberto g.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto
摘要：We propose a novel set of Poisson cluster process (PCP) models to detect ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs), a class of extremely faint, enigmatic galaxies of substantial interest in modern astrophysics. We model the unobserved UDG locations as parent points in a PCP and infer their positions based on the observed spatial point patterns of their old star cluster systems. Many UDGs have somewhere from a few to hundreds of these old star clusters, which we treat as offspring points in our models. We ...
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作者：Zou, Haotian; Xiao, Luo; Zeng, Donglin; Luo, Sheng
作者单位：Duke University; North Carolina State University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder impairing multiple domains. Recent AD studies, for example, the Alzheimer's to better understand AD severity and progression. To facilitate precision medicine for high-risk individuals, it is essential to develop an AD predictive model that leverages multimodal data and provides accurate personalized predictions of dementia occurrences. In this article we propose a multivariate functional mixed model with longitudinal magnetic res...
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作者：MacBride, Cara; Davies, Vinny; Lee, Duncan
作者单位：University of Glasgow
摘要：In spatial areal unit data with missing or suppressed values, it is desirable to create models that are able to predict observations that are not available. Typically, statistical spatial smoothing models fitted in a Bayesian hierarchical framework are used for this purpose, which capture any unexplained residual spatial autocorrelation in the data through conditional autoregressive (CAR) or spatial autoregressive (SAR) priors applied to a set of random effects. In contrast, typical machine le...
