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作者：Cassiman, B; Ueda, M
作者单位：University of Navarra; IESE Business School; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We study the decision of an established firm to commercialize innovations. An innovation can be exploited by the established firm as an internal venture, pursued by a new firm start-up as an external venture, or not commercialized at all. The limited commercialization capacity of the established firm in the short run results in an option value of waiting. In this setup, start-up firms emerge when the established firm is generating many innovations or is selective because the option value of wa...
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作者：Arora, A; Ceccagnoli, M
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：This paper analyzes the relationship between technology licensing and the effectiveness of patent protection. Using the 1994 Carnegie Mellon survey on industrial research and development (R&D) in the United States, we develop and test a simple structural model in which the patenting and licensing decisions are jointly determined. We find that increases in the effectiveness of patent protection increases licensing propensity, but only when the firm lacks specialized complementary assets require...
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作者：Shankar, V
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Mays Business School
摘要：To what extent do firms engage in product line actions simultaneously with actions in other marketing variables? What are the determinants of product line actions? To what extent are product line actions proactive? To what degree are they reactive? How can a firm's product line action elasticity (percent change in product line length with respect to percent change in competitor's past and anticipated actions) be decomposed into reaction and anticipation elasticities? Are product line actions a...
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作者：Hsu, DH
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper examines the possible impact of venture capital (VC) backing on the commercialization direction of technology-based start-ups by asking: To what extent (if at all) do VC-funded start-ups engage in cooperative commercialization strategies (strategic alliances or technology licensing, or both) relative to a comparable set of start-ups, and with what consequences? To address these questions, I assemble a novel data set that matches firms receiving a federal research and development sub...
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作者：Lowe, RA; Ziedonis, AA
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Recent theoretical and empirical research on cognitive bias in decision making suggests that overoptimism critically influences entrepreneurs' decisions to establish and sustain new ventures. We investigate whether such cognitive bias influences entrepreneurial venture performance using data on commercialization efforts for university inventions. In contrast to prior studies, our results suggest that entrepreneurial overoptimism does not appear to be the determining factor in the decision to f...
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作者：Kalnins, A; Chung, W
作者单位：Cornell University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Immigrant entrepreneurs often rely on their group's local social capital in their new home market to establish and maintain their businesses. In particular, immigrant entrepreneurs with few resources of their own receive help from those possessing more resources. Supporting these arguments using the empirical setting of Gujarati immigrant entrepreneurs in the lodging industry, we find that the likelihood of survival of an immigrant entrepreneur's hotel increases when surrounded by higher count...
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作者：Hayward, MLA; Shepherd, DA; Griffin, D
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Indiana University System; IU Kelley School of Business; Indiana University Bloomington; University of British Columbia
摘要：This paper develops a hubris theory of entrepreneurship to explain why so many new ventures are created in the shadow of high venture failure rates: More confident actors are moved to start ventures, and then act on such confidence when deciding how to allocate resources in their ventures. Building on theory and evidence from the behavioral decision-making literature, we describe how founders' socially constructed confidence affects the manner in which they interpret information about their pr...
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作者：Eckhardt, JT; Shane, S; Delmar, F
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; emlyon business school
摘要：Using a random sample of 221 new Swedish ventures initiated in 1998, we examine why some new ventures are more likely than others to successfully be awarded capital from external sources. We examine venture financing as a staged selection process in which two sequential selection events systematically winnow the population of ventures and influence which ventures receive financing. For a venture to receive external financing its founders must first select it as a candidate for external funding...
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作者：Shane, S
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
摘要：This article is an introduction to the focused issue on entrepreneurship. It provides motivation for greater scholarly investigation of the phenomenon of entrepreneurship, explains the evolution of the focused issue, offers an overview of the seven papers in the issue, and offers the editor's thoughts on the relationship of the papers in the focused issue to research on entrepreneurship in general.
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作者：Fairlie, RW
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：In contrast to the large and rapidly growing literature on information technology (IT) investments and firm productivity, we know very little about the role of personal computers in business creation. Using matched data from the 1997-2001 Computer and Internet Usage Supplements to subsequent Outgoing Rotation Group files from the Current Population Survey (CPS), I explore the relationship between computer ownership and entrepreneurship. Trends over the past two decades provide some evidence of...
