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作者：Baron, Robert A.; Ensley, Michael D.
作者单位：Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
摘要：It is suggested that the recognition of new business opportunities often involves pattern recognition-the cognitive process through which individuals identify meaningful patterns in complex arrays of events or trends. Basic research on pattern recognition indicates that cognitive frameworks acquired through experience (e.g., prototypes) play a central role in this process. Such frameworks provide individuals with a basis for noticing connections between seemingly independent events or trends (...
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作者：Lovejoy, William S.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：In some mechanism design problems, finite-type spaces may be natural ones to consider, yet the current literature is dominated by analyses of continuous-type spaces. This probably derives from the intellectual dominance of the early work in this area. Here we present an analysis of the finite-state case that unifies and generalizes current understanding of these problems. We analyze general quasi-linear utility functions among asymmetric agents with an arbitrary number of finite types, in the ...
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作者：Muralidhar, Krishnamurty; Sarathy, Rathindra
作者单位：University of Kentucky; Oklahoma State University System; Oklahoma State University - Stillwater
摘要：This study discusses a new procedure for masking confidential numerical data-a procedure called data shuffling-in which the values of the confidential variables are shuffled among observations. The shuffled data provides a high level of data utility and minimizes the risk of disclosure. From a practical perspective, data shuffling overcomes reservations about using perturbed or modified confidential data because it retains all the desirable properties of perturbation methods and performs bette...
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作者：Anderson, Mark C.; Banker, Rajiv D.; Ravindran, Sury
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：The year 2000 (Y2K) countdown provided a uniquely visible instance of spending on information technology (IT) by U.S. companies. With public attention riveted on potential Y2K malfunctions, managers were forced to evaluate their IT and make decisions about whether to modify or replace existing systems. In the aftermath of Y2K, critics charged that the problem was overblown and that companies overspent on IT. In contrast, we posit in this paper that efforts companies made to renew and upgrade t...
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作者：Czerwinski, David; Barnett, Arnold
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Within the First World, observed differences across air carriers in passenger death risk are almost never statistically significant. But given the rarity of fatal crashes, even a lopsided split of crashes across airlines is unlikely to achieve significance. For greater perspective about relative airline safety performance, we supplemented an analysis of overall mortality data with a two-part statistical procedure. The first part-which was inspired by the way the Oakland Athletics Major League ...
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作者：Deng, Shiming; Yano, Candace A.
作者单位：Oracle; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We consider the problem of setting prices and choosing production quantities for a single product over a finite horizon for a capacity-constrained manufacturer facing price-sensitive demands. There is a fixed cost per production run and a variable cost per unit produced, both of which may vary by period. We characterize properties of the optimal solution, considering cases with constant and time-varying capacity, and with and without speculative motive for holding inventory. We show that, coun...
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作者：Jarrow, R; Zhao, F
作者单位：Cornell University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University Newark; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：Downside loss-averse preferences have seen a resurgence in the portfolio management literature. This is due to the increasing use of derivatives in managing equity portfolios and the increased use of quantitative techniques for bond portfolio management. We employ the lower partial moment as a risk measure for downside loss aversion and compare mean-variance (M-V) and mean-lower partial moment (M-LPM) optimal portfolios under nonnormal asset return distributions. When asset returns are nearly ...
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作者：Alcacer, Juan
作者单位：New York University
摘要：There has been a recent revival of interest in the geographic component of firm strategy. Recent research suggests that two opposing forces-competition costs and agglomeration benefits-determine whether firms collocate in a given geographic market. Unexplored is (1) whether these forces have different impacts on R&D, production, and sales subsidiaries, leading to diverse collocation levels, and (2) how firm capabilities impact collocation by increasing or decreasing competition costs and agglo...
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作者：Guide, V. Daniel R.; Souza, Gilvan C.; Van Wassenhove, Luk N.; Blackburn, Joseph D.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; INSEAD Business School; Vanderbilt University
摘要：Manufacturers and their distributors must cope with an increased flow of returned products from their customers. The value of commercial product returns, which we define as products returned for any reason within 90 days of sale, now exceeds $100 billion annually in-the United States. Although the reverse supply chain of returned products represents a sizeable flow of potentially recoverable assets, only a relatively small fraction of the value is currently extracted by manufacturers; a large ...
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作者：Baldwin, Carliss Y.; Clark, Kim B.
作者单位：Harvard University; Brigham Young University
摘要：This paper argues that the architecture of a codebase is a critical factor that lies at the heart of the open source development process. We define two observable properties of an architecture: (1) modularity and (2) option value. Developers can often make informed judgments about modularity and option value from early, partially implemented code releases. We show that codebases that are more modular or have more option value (1) increase developers' incentives to join and remain involved in a...
