-
作者：McGrath, Rita Gunther
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Russell Ackoff's iconoclastic journey through the scholarly world illustrates just how far ahead of his time he was, and how much we all still owe him. His influence was so fundamental that today we accept his once-controversial ideas as taken for granted realities. Every time you try to grasp the complexities of an interdependent system, try to understand the root causes of problems that appear on the surface or try to connect the dots, you are drawing on the groundwork laid by Russ. It would...
-
作者：Xue, Ling; Song, Peijian; Rai, Arun; Zhang, Cheng; Zhao, Xia
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Nanjing University; Fudan University; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：Digital platforms can use application programming interfaces (APIs) to support third-party development of new apps and achieve growth at an unprecedented scale. However, there is also a dilemma between original new development and copycatting by third-party suppliers. Motivated by this tension, we examined how APIs provided by digital platforms may influence two types of third-party new app development: original apps and app copycatting. We also investigated how these influences are dependent ...
-
作者：Taylor, Terry A.; Xiao, Wenqiang
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; New York University
摘要：Increasingly, donors that subsidize socially-desirable products in the developing world are shifting from distributing through non-commercial to commercial channels, ceding control of the product price to for-profit intermediaries. This study advises a donor as to how the donor's loss of price control and the level of consumer awareness-defined as the fraction of the consumer population that is informed of the product's benefits-influence the donor's optimal subsidy and utility: First, in shif...
-
作者：Cho, David D.; Bretthauer, Kurt M.; Cattani, Kyle D.; Mills, Alex F.
作者单位：Woodbury University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; IU Kelley School of Business; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY)
摘要：Empirical studies of service systems have shown that workers exhibit different service rates depending on their assigned workload. In contrast, staffing models typically assume a constant service rate. To address this issue, we model two commonly observed behavioral effects, speedup and slowdown, in a general way that allows us to study their joint impact on service staffing. We fit our behavioral model to a hospital dataset and show that both effects are present across a variety of department...
-
作者：Chen, Shi; Lee, Hau; Moinzadeh, Kamran
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Stanford University
摘要：Cloud computing has been a rising trend in the business world. In this study, we consider two most important pricing schemes offered to sustained customers by major service providers in the cloud industry: the reservation-based scheme (the R-scheme) by Amazon or Microsoft, and the utilization-based scheme (the U-scheme) by Google. We consider a duopoly model with heterogeneous customers characterized by the mean and the coefficient of variation of their usage. We show that under either pricing...
-
作者：Huang, Fengfeng; Guo, Pengfei; Wang, Yulan
作者单位：University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
摘要：Consider a situation where a service provider serves two types of customers, sophisticated and naive. Sophisticated customers are well-informed of service-related information and make their joining-or-balking decisions strategically, whereas naive customers do not have such information and rely on online rating information to make such decisions. We demonstrate that under certain conditions a service provider can increase its profitability by simply dancing its price, that is, replacing the st...
-
作者：Abouee-Mehrizi, Hossein; Baron, Opher; Berman, Oded; Chen, David
作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
摘要：Preferences for different ages of perishable products exist in many applications, including grocery items and blood products. In this paper, we study a multi-period stochastic perishable inventory system with multiple priority classes that require products of different ages. The firm orders the product with a positive lead time and sells it to multiple demand classes, each only accepting products with remaining lifetime longer than a threshold. In each period, after demand realization, the fir...
-
作者：Singhal, Kalyan; Singhal, Jaya
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Baltimore
摘要：We have four goals in this study. First, we chronicle China's history of technology and manufacturing before the Industrial Revolution. This history of monumental developments is scattered in dozen of books and hundreds of articles, but it is not available in a concise form. Although, this history is relevant to all disciplines in social sciences, science, and technology, it is most relevant to the discipline this journal represents. Second, we analyze the role of exports in improving quality ...
-
作者：Arora, Priyank; Subramanian, Ravi
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：In the context of the mismatch between organ demand and supply, a statistic worth noting is that across the donor service areas in the United States, the average (median) percentage of eligible potential donors from whom no organs are recovered is 28.3% (29%). The socially suboptimal quantity and quality of recovered organs form the context of our study, which takes the perspective of the social planner that has an overall quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) improvement objective. We model the o...
-
作者：Liu, Yan; Cooper, William L.; Wang, Zizhuo
作者单位：Tianjin University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
摘要：Should a seller make information about its products readily accessible to customers, so that customers do not have to incur any substantive cost-in terms of time and effort-to learn about those products? To help answer this question, we consider a monopolist selling two substitute products to a population of customers, who have differing tastes about the products. Each customer a priori has uncertainty about whether or not he will like each of the products. The seller may choose to make produc...
