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作者：Menon, Tanya; Phillips, Katherine W.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Northwestern University
摘要：We propose that even-sized small groups often experience lower cohesion than odd-sized small groups. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate this effect within three-to six-person groups of freshman roommates and sibling groups, respectively. Study 3 replicates the basic even/odd effect among three-to five-person groups in a laboratory experiment that examines underlying mechanisms. To account for the even/odd effect, Study 3 focuses on the group's ability to provide members with certainty and identifies ...
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作者：Kellogg, Katherine C.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：One of the great paradoxes of organizational culture is that even when less powerful members in organizations have access to cultural tools (such as frames, identities, and tactics) that support change, they often do not use these tools to challenge traditional practices that disadvantage them. In this study, I compare data about work practice change from my own field study of an elite teaching hospital (conducted in the early 2000s) to previously reported data from field studies of two simila...
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作者：Burton, Richard M.; Obel, Borge
作者单位：Duke University; Aarhus University
摘要：In this essay, we examine what-is, what-might-be, and what-should-be computational models where the purpose is to explore new concepts, ideas, boundaries, and limitations going beyond what we know at the moment. Computational models complement well with other approaches: ethnographies, field studies, human subject lab studies, and surveys in novel triangulations. Triangulation of two or more complementary approaches permits us to broaden and deepen our understanding and insights.
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作者：Millhiser, William P.; Coen, Corinne A.; Solow, Daniel
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY); University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
摘要：In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of policies for assigning interdependent workers to teams. Using a computational simulation, we contrast distributing workers equitably across teams based on prior individual performance with policies that distribute workers based on how well people work together. First, we test a policy that clusters workers into teams by finding natural breakpoints among them where their mutual support is weak. Then we test two other policies that both protect the...
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作者：Wry, Tyler; Lounsbury, Michael; Glynn, Mary Ann
作者单位：University of Alberta; National Research Council Canada; University of Alberta; Boston College
摘要：The concept of collective identity has gained prominence within organizational theory as researchers have studied how it consequentially shapes organizational behavior. However, much less attention has been paid to the question of how nascent collective identities become legitimated. Although it is conventionally argued that membership expansion leads to collective identity legitimacy, we draw on the notion of cultural entrepreneurship to argue that the relationship is more complex and is cult...
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作者：Lavie, Dovev; Kang, Jingoo; Rosenkopf, Lori
作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; Nanyang Technological University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Organizational research advocates that firms balance exploration and exploitation, yet it acknowledges inherent challenges in reconciling these opposing activities. To overcome these challenges, such research suggests that firms establish organizational separation between exploring and exploiting units or engage in temporal separation whereby they oscillate between exploration and exploitation over time. Nevertheless, these approaches entail resource allocation trade-offs and conflicting organ...
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作者：Groysberg, Boris; Polzer, Jeffrey T.; Elfenbein, Hillary Anger
作者单位：Harvard University; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Can groups become effective simply by assembling high-status individual performers? Though an affirmative answer may seem straightforward on the surface, this answer becomes more complicated when group members benefit from collaborating on interdependent tasks. Examining Wall Street sell-side equity research analysts who work in an industry in which individuals strive for status, we find that groups benefited-up to a point-from having high-status members, controlling for individual performance...
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作者：Thomas, Robyn; Sargent, Leisa D.; Hardy, Cynthia
作者单位：Cardiff University; University of Melbourne
摘要：Theoretical developments in the analysis of organizations have recently turned to an organizational becoming perspective, which sees the social world as enacted in the microcontext of communicative interactions among individuals through which meaning is negotiated. According to this view, organizational change is endemic, natural, and ongoing; it occurs in everyday interactions as actors engage in the process of establishing new meanings for organizational activities. We adopt this approach to...
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作者：Pentland, Brian T.; Hrem, Thorvald; Hillison, Derek
作者单位：Michigan State University; Michigan State University's Broad College of Business; BI Norwegian Business School; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
摘要：This paper uses data on invoice processing in four organizations to distinguish empirically between two competing theories of organizational routines. One theory predicts that routines should generate patterns of action that are few in number and stable over time, and that atypical patterns of action are driven primarily by exceptional inputs. The competing theory predicts the opposite. By modeling the routines as networks of action and using a first-order Markov model to test for stationarity...
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作者：Sorensen, Jesper B.; Fassiotto, Magali A.
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Most entrepreneurs emanate from established organizations, yet systematic theorizing about the ways in which organizations shape the entrepreneurial process has only recently begun to emerge. We provide a framework for organizing this emerging literature. We focus on four different metaphors in the literature for how organizations matter in the entrepreneurial process and suggest promising avenues for future research.
