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作者：Zhang, Letian
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This study examines data from 35 countries and 24 industries to understand the relationship between gender diversity and firm performance. Previous studies report conflicting evidence: some find that gender-diverse firms experience more positive performance, and others find the opposite. However, most research to date has focused on a single country or industry and has not accounted for possible variation across social contexts. This paper advances an institutional framework and predicts that ...
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作者：Danbold, Felix; Bendersky, Corinne
作者单位：New York University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We tackle the persistent problem of people from specific demographic groups (e.g., women) being undervalued in professional contexts in which traits associated with their group do not align with the traits perceived to be essential for success (the professional prototype). We introduce the concept of balancing professional prototypes such that group membership becomes irrelevant to determining an individual's prototypicality. Using a novel technique called prototype inversion, we emphasize the...
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作者：Chari, Mukund; Steensma, H. Kevin; Connaughton, Charles
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Client capture is the process by which professionals become so dependent on certain clients that their professional judgment is compromised. We explore whether there are systematic differences across professionals in their likelihood of improperly biasing their judgment in the interests of clients on whom they highly depend. To do so, we examine the disclosure of prior art by patent lawyers when representing client patent applications submitted to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). ...
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作者：Martignoni, Dirk; Keil, Thomas; Lang, Markus
作者单位：Universita della Svizzera Italiana; University of Zurich; University of Zurich
摘要：Organizations are often conceptualized as systems of interdependent choices that exhibit a core-periphery structure. Research is inconclusive, however, regarding whether organizations should focus their search efforts on their core or peripheral choices. In this paper, we seek to reconcile contradictory arguments and suggest that the efficacy of a search focus depends on the time horizon, environmental change, and how the core and periphery interact. In so doing, we demonstrate that the direct...
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作者：Anand, Gopesh; Gray, John; Siemsen, Enno
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作者：Bourmault, Nishani; Anteby, Michel
作者单位：NEOMA Business School; Boston University; Boston University
摘要：Becoming a manager is generally seen as a highly coveted step up the career ladder that corresponds to a gain in responsibility. There is evidence, however, that some individuals experience managerial blues, or disenchantment with their managerial jobs after being promoted. Although past scholarship points to individual differences (such as skills inadequacy) or the promotion circumstances (such as involuntary) as possible explanations for such blues, less is known as to how the expectations t...
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作者：DeCelles, Katherine A.; Anteby, Michel
作者单位：University of Toronto; Boston University
摘要：A key assumption in past literature has been that human services workers become emotionally distant from their charges (such as clients or patients). Such distancing is said to protect workers from the emotionally draining aspects of the job but creates challenges to feeling and behaving compassionately. Because little is known about when and how compassion occurs under these circumstances, we conducted a multiphased qualitative study of 119 correctional officers in the United States using int...
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作者：Graf-Vlachy, Lorenz; Bundy, Jonathan; Hambrick, Donald C.
作者单位：heSam Universite; ESCP Business School; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：We study how the cognitive complexity of chief executive officers (CEOs) changes during their tenures. Drawing from prior theory and research, we argue that CEOs attain gradually greater role-specific knowledge, or expertise, as their tenures advance, which yields more complex thinking. Beyond examining the main effect of CEO tenure on cognitive complexity, we consider three moderators of this relationship, each of which is expected to influence the accumulation of expertise over a CEO's time ...
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作者：Kneeland, Madeline K.; Schilling, Melissa A.; Aharonson, Barak S.
作者单位：Cornell University; New York University; Tel Aviv University
摘要：Most innovation builds closely on existing knowledge and technology, delivering incremental advances on existing ideas, products, and processes. Sometimes, however, inventors make discoveries that seem very distant from what is known and well understood. How do individuals and firms explore such uncharted technological terrain? This paper extends research on knowledge networks and innovation to propose three main processes of knowledge creation that are more likely to result in discoveries tha...
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作者：Knott, Anne Marie; Vieregger, Carl
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Drake University
摘要：There is a prevailing view in both the academic literature and the popular press that firms need to behave more entrepreneurially. This view is reinforced by a stylized fact in the innovation literature that research and development (R&D) productivity decreases with size. A second stylized fact in the innovation literature is that R&D investment increases with size. Taken together, these stylized facts create a puzzle of seemingly irrational behavior by large firms-they are increasing spending...
