Balancing Professional Prototypes Increases the Valuation of Women in Male-Dominated Professions

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Danbold, Felix; Bendersky, Corinne
• 署名单位: New York University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
• 刊物名称: ORGANIZATION SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1047-7039
• DOI: 10.1287/orsc.2019.1288
• 发表日期: 2020
• 页码: 119-140
• 关键词: diversity in organizations; group processes and performance; psychological processes; professional prototypes

摘要

We tackle the persistent problem of people from specific demographic groups (e.g., women) being undervalued in professional contexts in which traits associated with their group do not align with the traits perceived to be essential for success (the professional prototype). We introduce the concept of balancing professional prototypes such that group membership becomes irrelevant to determining an individual's prototypicality. Using a novel technique called prototype inversion, we emphasize the importance of professional traits typically associated with an underrepresented group, without dismissing those associated with the currently prototypical group. By balancing the prototype in this way, it becomes easier to recognize the professional potential of members of underrepresented groups, without incurring backlash from the currently prototypical group. We conducted a full-cycle research project to demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy in the extreme context of women in firefighting using qualitative and quantitative methods and participants from both the laboratory and the field.