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作者：TUBBS, ME
摘要：A central assumption in the goal theory literature is that the degree of commitment to the assigned goal moderates the effectiveness of the goal-setting procedure. However, attempts to empirically verify commitment's moderating role have generally met with failure, calling into question either widely used measures of goal commitment, the moderating assumption itself, or both. Three studies are described that address this issue. Results indicated that the moderation assumption is valid but is o...
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作者：DUNEGAN, KJ
摘要：Data from 2 experiments indicate that information framing affects decision episodes in more ways than previous studies showed. Results suggest that framing biases problem-space perceptions and may act as a catalyst for different modes of cognitive processing. Characteristics of controlled cognitive modes were found when information was negatively framed; characteristics of more automatic processing were found when information was positively framed. Results from the 2nd experiment also suggest ...
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作者：VANDENBERG, RJ; SELF, RM
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; Alabama State University
摘要：The authors examined changes in the level of 4 organizationally relevant constructs and their reconstitution by newcomers to a work organization using J. Schaubroeck and & G. Green's (1989) confirmatory factor analytic procedure. Results support a general decline in levels (alpha changes) of organizationally relevant attitudes over 3 time periods (1st day, and the 3rd- and 6th-month employment anniversaries). The pattern of decline, though, varied after accounting for gamma and beta changes. I...
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作者：WRIGHT, PM; GEORGE, JM; FARNSWORTH, SR; MCMAHAN, GC
摘要：This study examined the effects of goals and monetary incentives on performance and extra-role behavior. One hundred fifty-four Ss worked on an order-processing task for 20 min under easy, moderate, or difficult goals and were paid either a flat rate or a bonus for goal attainment. During the experimental task, a confederate co-worker attempted to elicit help from the S. Results indicated that goals were positively related to performance, that goals were negatively related to extra-role behavi...
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作者：JUDGE, TA; WATANABE, S
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：The relationship between job satisfaction and life satisfaction has been heavily researched over the years. In spite of this research interest, results have not proved conclusive in demonstrating the causal nature of the relationship. In the present study, a causal model was hypothesized and tested that involved simultaneous consideration of cross-sectional and longitudinal effects between job and life satisfaction. This type of analysis has not previously been conducted and allows the stronge...
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作者：JUDGE, TA
摘要：J. Weitz (1952) argued that job dissatisfaction would be more predictive of turnover if it was considered in light of an individual's predisposition to be satisfied with everyday life events. In the present study it was hypothesized that affective disposition moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and voluntary turnover. With data collected from a sample of nurses, support was indicated for the hypothesis. The more positive the disposition of the individual, the stronger the relat...
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作者：ROUNDS, J; TRACEY, TJ
摘要：The authors conducted a structural meta-analysis to evaluate D.J. Prediger's (1982) 3-factor (1 general factor and 2 bipolar factors of data-ideas and things-people) representation of J. L. Holland's (1985a) RIASEC circumplex (including six personality types: realistic [R, investigative [I], artistic [A], social [S], enterprising [E], and conventional [C]. Confirmatory factor analysis and multidimensional scaling were applied to 77 U.S. RIASEC correlation matrices published between 1965 and 19...
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作者：STACY, AW; MACKINNON, DP; PENTZ, MA
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：The authors outlined a meta-theoretical and an analytic framework for construing the predictive effects of health-behavior expectancies, or beliefs, in terms of both general and specific processes. This framework was applied empirically to the investigation of the predictive effects of outcome expectancies related to the recently mandated alcohol-warning label as well as to expectancies reflecting social influence processes. Results showed that general and specific predictive effects of expect...
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作者：SCHAUBROECK, J; WILLIAMS, S
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：Subjects (N = 98) were randomly assigned to high- and low-responsibility conditions in a commitment-escalation experiment. Global Type A behavior pattern and the underlying dimension of achievement strivings were positively related to the desire to continue the same course of action in the high prior-responsibility condition but not in the low prior-responsibility condition. These findings are discussed in terms of future research into the judgment processes of people with Type A personality a...
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作者：MURPHY, KR; JAKO, RA; ANHALT, RL
摘要：The definition of halo error that dominated researchers' thinking for most of this century implied that (a) halo error was common; (b) it was a rater error, with true and illusory components; (c) it led to inflated correlations among rating dimensions and was due to the influence of a general evaluation on specific judgments; and (d) it had negative consequences and should be avoided or removed. We review research showing that all of the major elements of this conception of halo are either wro...
