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作者：Bothner, Matthew S.; Kang, Jeong-han; Stuart, Toby E.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Cornell University; Harvard University
摘要：This article uses National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) races to examine how competitive crowding affects the risk-taking conduct of actors in a tournament. We develop three claims: (1) crowding from below, which measures the number of competitors capable of surpassing a given actor in a tournament- based contest, predisposes that actor to take risks; (2) as a determinant of risky conduct, crowding from below has a stronger influence than crowding from above, which captures t...
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作者：Kim, Tai-Young; Shin, Dongyoub; Oh, Hongseok; Jeong, Young-Chul
作者单位：Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Yonsei University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper explores why and how organizations respond to external pressures for institutional change in terms of organizational political dynamics. The focus on organizational political dynamics is important in understanding a period of institutional change when multiple groups of actors are involved in the dynamic political processes of promoting each group's goals, interests, ideologies, and institutional logic. We propose a social movement framework of organizational political dynamics that...
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作者：Guler, Isin
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This study focuses on the political and institutional influences that lead organizational decision makers to avoid terminating unsuccessful investments, even when there is competition and they have the experience and incentives to maximize profits. I examine multilevel influences on sequential investment decisions in the U. S. venture capital industry through a qualitative study of the investment process and a quantitative examination of venture capital investments between 1989 and 2004. Resul...
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作者：DiTomaso, Nancy; Post, Corinne; Smith, D. Randall; Farris, George F.; Cordero, Rene
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Pace University; New Jersey Institute of Technology
摘要：This paper examines the influence of the structural positions of different demographic groups in the science and engineering labor force on their access to the allocation of favorable work experiences and their effect on decisions about the evaluation of their performance. Our hypotheses challenge assumptions in the management literature that each group will necessarily express ingroup bias and outgroup derogation. Instead, we call attention to the status hierarchy that develops from status co...
