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作者：Baudin, Thomas; de la Croix, David; Gobbi, Paula E.
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain; Universite Catholique Louvain; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
摘要：We develop a theory of fertility, distinguishing its intensive margin from its extensive margin. The deep parameters are identified using facts from the 1990 US Census: (i) fertility of mothers decreases with education; (ii) childlessness exhibits a U-shaped relationship with education; (iii) the relationship between marriage rates and education is hump-shaped for women and increasing for men. We estimate that 2.5 percent of women were childless because of poverty and 8.1 percent because of hi...
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作者：Dell, Melissa
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Drug trade-related violence has escalated dramatically in Mexico since 2007, and recent years have also witnessed large-scale efforts to combat trafficking, spearheaded by Mexico's conservative PAN party. This study examines the direct and spillover effects of Mexican policy toward the drug trade. Regression discontinuity estimates show that drug-related violence increases substantially after close elections of PAN mayors. Empirical evidence suggests that the violence reflects rival trafficker...
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作者：Bigio, Saki
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：I study an economy where asymmetric information about the quality of capital endogenously determines liquidity. Liquid funds are key to relaxing financial constraints on investment and employment. These funds are obtained by selling capital or using it as collateral. Liquidity is determined by balancing the costs of obtaining liquidity under asymmetric information against the benefits of relaxing financial constraints. Aggregate fluctuations follow increases in the dispersion of capital qualit...
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作者：Anderson, Siwan; Francois, Patrick; Kotwal, Ashok
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
摘要：We study the operation of local governments (Panchayats) in rural Maharashtra, India, using a survey that we designed for this end. Elections are freely contested, fairly tallied, highly participatory, non-coerced, and lead to appointment of representative politicians. However, beneath this veneer of ideal democracy we find evidence of deeply ingrained clientelist vote-trading structures maintained through extra-political means. Elite minorities undermine policies that would redistribute incom...
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作者：Burgess, Robin; Jedwab, Remi; Miguel, Edward; Morjaria, Ameet; Padro i Miquel, Gerard
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; George Washington University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Northwestern University
摘要：Ethnic favoritism is seen as antithetical to development. This paper provides credible quantification of the extent of ethnic favoritism using data on road building in Kenyan districts across the 1963-2011 period. Guided by a model, it then examines whether the transition in and out of democracy under the same president constrains or exacerbates ethnic favoritism. Across the post-independence period, we find strong evidence of ethnic favoritism: districts that share the ethnicity of the presid...
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作者：Bisin, Alberto; Lizzeri, Alessandro; Yariv, Leeat
作者单位：New York University; California Institute of Technology
摘要：Behavioral economics presents a paternalistic rationale for benevolent government intervention. This paper presents a model of public debt where voters have self-control problems and attempt to commit using illiquid assets. In equilibrium, government accumulates debt to respond to individuals' desire to undo their commitments, which leads individuals to rebalance their portfolio, in turn feeding into a demand for further debt accumulation. As a consequence, (i) large (and distortionary) govern...
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作者：Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
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作者：Janssen, Maarten; Shelegia, Sandro
作者单位：University of Vienna
摘要：The well-known double marginalization problem understates the inefficiencies arising from vertical relations in consumer search markets where consumers are uninformed about the wholesale prices charged by manufacturers to retailers. Consumer search provides a monopoly manufacturer with an additional incentive to increase its price, worsening the double marginalization problem and lowering the manufacturer's profits. Nevertheless, manufacturers in more competitive wholesale markets may not have...
