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作者：Arbatli, Cemal Eren; Ashraf, Quamrul H.; Galor, Oded; Klemp, Marc
作者单位：HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Williams College; Brown University; University of Copenhagen
摘要：This research advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that interpersonal population diversity, rather than fractionalization or polarization across ethnic groups, has been pivotal to the emergence, prevalence, recurrence, and severity of intrasocietal conflicts. Exploiting an exogenous source of variations in population diversity across nations and ethnic groups, as determined predominantly during the exodus of humans from Africa tens of thousands of years ago, the study demonstrat...
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作者：Akbarpour, Mohammad; Li, Shengwu
作者单位：Stanford University; Harvard University
摘要：Consider an extensive-form mechanism, run by an auctioneer who communicates sequentially and privately with bidders. Suppose the auctioneer can deviate from the rules provided that no single bidder detects the deviation. A mechanism is credible if it is incentive-compatible for the auctioneer to follow the rules. We study the optimal auctions in which only winners pay, under symmetric independent private values. The first-price auction is the unique credible static mechanism. The ascending auc...
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作者：Ryan, Nicholas
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：Weak contract enforcement may reduce the efficiency of production in developing countries. I study how contract enforcement affects efficiency in procurement auctions for the largest power projects in India. I gather data on bidding and ex post contract renegotiation and find that the renegotiation of contracts in response to cost shocks is widespread, despite that bidders are allowed to index their bids to future costs like the price of coal. To study heterogeneity in bidding strategies, I co...
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作者：Sachs, Dominik; Tsyvinski, Aleh; Werquin, Nicolas
作者单位：University of Munich; Yale University; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：We study the incidence of nonlinear labor income taxes in an economy with a continuum of endogenous wages. We derive in closed form the effects of reforming non-linearly an arbitrary tax system, by showing that this problem can be formalized as an integral equation. Our tax incidence formulas are valid both when the underlying assignment of skills to tasks is fixed or endogenous. We show qualitatively and quantitatively that contrary to conventional wisdom, if the tax system is initially subop...
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作者：Myerson, Roger B.; Reny, Philip J.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：We extend Kreps and Wilson's concept of sequential equilibrium to games with infinite sets of signals and actions. A strategy profile is a conditional epsilon-equilibrium if, for any of a player's positive probability signal events, his conditional expected utility is within epsilon of the best that he can achieve by deviating. With topologies on action sets, a conditional epsilon-equilibrium is full if strategies give every open set of actions positive probability. Such full conditional epsil...
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作者：Oyama, Daisuke; Takahashi, Satoru
作者单位：University of Tokyo; National University of Singapore
摘要：This paper studies the robustness of an equilibrium to incomplete information in binary-action supermodular games. Using a generalized version of belief operator, we explore the restrictions that prior beliefs impose on higher order beliefs. In particular, we obtain a nontrivial lower bound on the probability of a common belief event, uniform over type spaces, when the underlying game has a monotone potential. Conversely, when the game has no monotone potential, we construct a type space with ...
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作者：DeJarnette, Patrick; Dillenberger, David; Gottlieb, Daniel; Ortoleva, Pietro
作者单位：Waseda University; University of Pennsylvania; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Princeton University; Princeton University
摘要：We study preferences over lotteries in which both the prize and the payment date are uncertain. In particular, a time lottery is one in which the prize is fixed but the date is random. With Expected Discounted Utility, individuals must be risk seeking over time lotteries (RSTL). In an incentivized experiment, however, we find that almost all subjects violate this property. Our main contributions are theoretical. We first show that within a very broad class of models, which includes many forms ...
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作者：Brancaccio, Giulia; Kalouptsidi, Myrto; Papageorgiou, Theodore
作者单位：Cornell University; Harvard University; Boston College
摘要：In this paper, we study the role of the transportation sector in world trade. We build a spatial model that centers on the interaction of the market for (oceanic) transportation services and the market for world trade in goods. The model delivers equilibrium trade flows, as well as equilibrium trade costs (shipping prices). Using detailed data on vessel movements and shipping prices, we document novel facts about shipping patterns; we then flexibly estimate our model. We use this setup to demo...
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作者：Arieli, Itai; Babichenko, Yakov; Peretz, Ron; Young, H. Peyton
作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; Bar Ilan University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Oxford
摘要：New ways of doing things often get started through the actions of a few innovators, then diffuse rapidly as more and more people come into contact with prior adopters in their social network. Much of the literature focuses on the speed of diffusion as a function of the network topology. In practice, the topology may not be known with any precision, and it is constantly in flux as links are formed and severed. Here, we establish an upper bound on the expected waiting time until a given proporti...
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作者：Lauermann, Stephan; Noldeke, Georg; Troger, Thomas
作者单位：University of Bonn; University of Basel; University of Mannheim
摘要：Most of the literature that studies frictional search-and-matching models with heterogeneous agents and random search investigates steady state equilibria. Steady state equilibrium requires, in particular, that the flows of agents into and out of the population of unmatched agents balance. We investigate the structure of this balance condition, taking agents' matching behavior as given. Building on the fundamental matching lemma for quadratic search technologies in Shimer and Smith (2000), we ...
