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作者：Lerner, Josh; Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Harvard University; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：A major policy issue in standard setting is that patents that are ex ante not that important, by being included into a standard, may become standard-essential patents. In an attempt to curb the monopoly power that they create, most standard-setting organizations require the owners of patents covered by the standard to make a loose commitment to grant licenses on reasonable terms. Such commitments unsurprisingly are conducive to litigation. This paper builds a framework for the analysis of thes...
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作者：Oliva, Paulina
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Emission regulations become more prevalent in developing countries, but they may be compromised by corruption. This paper documents the prevalence of corruption and the effectiveness of vehicle emission regulations in Mexico City. I develop a statistical test for identifying a specific type of cheating that involves bribing center technicians. I also estimate a structural model of car owner retesting and cheating decisions. Results suggest that 9.6 percent of car owners paid US$20 to circumven...
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作者：Dobbie, Will; Fryer, Roland G., Jr.
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Using survey data from the Promise Academy in the Harlem Children's Zone, we estimate the effects of high-performing charter schools on human capital, risky behaviors, and health outcomes. Six years after the random admissions lottery, youths offered admission to the Promise Academy middle school score 0.279 (0.073) standard deviations higher on academic achievement outcomes, 0.067 (0.076) standard deviations higher on an index of academic attainment, and 0.313 (0.091) standard deviations high...
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作者：Altonji, Joseph G.; Huang, Ching-I; Taber, Christopher R.
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Taiwan University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We derive a formula to determine the degree to which a school choice program may harm public school stayers by luring the best students to other schools. The cream skimming effect is increasing in the degree of heterogeneity within schools, the school choice take-up rate of strong students relative to weak students, and the dependence of school outcomes on student body quality. We use the formula to investigate the cream skimming effect of hypothetical voucher programs on the high school gradu...
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作者：Blume, Lawrence E.; Brock, William A.; Durlauf, Steven N.; Jayaraman, Rajshri
作者单位：Cornell University; The Santa Fe Institute; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; European School of Management & Technology
摘要：This paper provides a systematic analysis of identification in linear social interactions models. This is a theoretical and econometric exercise as the analysis is linked to a rigorously delineated model of interdependent decisions. We develop an incomplete information game for individual choice under social influences that nests standard models as special cases. We consider identification of both endogenous and contextual social effects under alternative assumptions regarding an analyst's a p...
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作者：Cronqvist, Henrik; Siegel, Stephan
作者单位：China Europe International Business School; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Analyzing the savings behavior of a large sample of identical and fraternal twins, we find that genetic differences explain about 33 percent of the variation in savings propensities across individuals. Individuals are born with a persistent genetic predisposition to a specific savings behavior. Parenting contributes to the variation in savings rates among younger individuals, but its effect decays over time. The environment when growing up (e.g., parents' wealth) moderates genetic effects. Fin...
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作者：Koudijs, Peter
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper studies how private information is incorporated into prices, using a unique setting from the eighteenth century that is closer to stylized models of price discovery than modern-day markets. Specifically, the paper looks at English securities traded in both London and Amsterdam. Private information reached Amsterdam through sailing boats that sailed only twice a week and in adverse weather could not sail at all. Results are consistent with a Kyle model in which informed agents trade ...
