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作者：Landry, Craig E.; Lange, Andreas; List, John A.; Price, Michael K.; Rupp, Nicholas G.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno; University of North Carolina; East Carolina University
摘要：This study develops theory and uses a door-to-door fund-raising field experiment to explore the economics of charity. We approached nearly 5000 households, randomly divided into four experimental treatments, to shed light on key issues on the demand side of charitable fund-raising. Empirical results are in line with our theory: in gross terms, the lotteries raised more money than the voluntary contributions treatments. Interestingly, in terms of both maximizing current contributions and induci...
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作者：Broda, Christian; Weinstein, David E.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Since the seminal work of Krugman, product variety has played a central role in models of trade and growth. In spite of the general use of love-of-variety models, there has been no systematic study of how the import of new varieties has contributed to national welfare gains in the United States. In this paper we show that the unmeasured growth in product variety from U. S. imports has been an important source of gains from trade over the last three decades (1972-2001). Using extremely disaggre...
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作者：Sala-I-Martin, Xavier
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：We estimate the World Distribution of Income by integrating individual income distributions for 138 countries between 1970 and 2000. Country distributions are constructed by combining national accounts GDP per capita to anchor the mean with survey data to pin down the dispersion. Poverty rates and head counts are reported for four specific poverty lines. Rates in 2000 were between one-third and one-half of what they were in 1970 for all four lines. There were between 250 and 500 million fewer ...
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作者：Gabaix, Xavier; Gopikrishnan, Parameswaran; Plerou, Vasiliki; Stanley, H. Eugene
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston University
摘要：We present a theory of excess stock market volatility, in which market movements are due to trades by very large institutional investors in relatively illiquid markets. Such trades generate significant spikes in returns and volume, even in the absence of important news about fundamentals. We derive the optimal trading behavior of these investors, which allows us to provide a unified explanation for apparently disconnected empirical regularities in returns, trading volume and investor size.
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作者：Ashraf, Nava; Karlan, Dean; Yin, Wesley
作者单位：Harvard University; Yale University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Chicago
摘要：We designed a commitment savings product for a Philippine bank and implemented it using a randomized control methodology. The savings product was intended for individuals who want to commit now to restrict access to their savings, and who were sophisticated enough to engage in such a mechanism. We conducted a baseline survey on 1777 existing or former clients of a bank. One month later, we offered the commitment product to a randomly chosen subset of 710 clients; 202 (28.4 percent) accepted th...
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作者：Burchfield, Marcy; Overman, Henry G.; Puga, Diego; Turner, Matthew A.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Toronto; Pompeu Fabra University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study the extent to which U. S. urban development is sprawling and what determines differences in sprawl across space. Using remote-sensing data to track the evolution of land use on a grid of 8.7 billion 30 X 30 meter cells, we measure sprawl as the amount of undeveloped land surrounding an average urban dwelling. The extent of sprawl remained roughly unchanged between 1976 and 1992, although it varied dramatically across metropolitan areas. Ground water availability, temperate climate, ru...
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作者：Benabou, Roland; Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：International surveys reveal wide differences between the views held in different countries concerning the causes of wealth or poverty and the extent to which people are responsible for their own fate. At the same time, social ethnographies and experiments by psychologists demonstrate individuals' recurrent struggle with cognitive dissonance as they seek to maintain, and pass on to their children, a view of the world where effort ultimately pays off and everyone gets their just desserts. This ...
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作者：Fisman, Raymond; Iyengar, Sheena S.; Kamenica, Emir; Simonson, Itamar
作者单位：Columbia University; Harvard University; Stanford University
摘要：We study dating behavior using data from a Speed Dating experiment where we generate random matching of subjects and create random variation in the number of potential partners. Our design allows us to directly observe individual decisions rather than just final matches. Women put greater weight on the intelligence and the race of partner, while men respond more to physical attractiveness. Moreover, men do not value women's intelligence or ambition when it exceeds their own. Also, we find that...
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作者：Greenstone, Michael; Oyer, Paul; Vissing-Jorgensen, Annette
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Northwestern University
摘要：The 1964 Securities Acts Amendments extended the mandatory disclosure requirements that had applied to listed firms since 1934 to large firms traded Over-the-Counter (OTC). We find several pieces of evidence indicating that investors valued these disclosure requirements, two of which are particularly striking. First, a firm-level event study reveals that the OTC firms most affected by. the 1964 Amendments had abnormal excess returns of about 3.5 percent in the weeks immediately surrounding the...
