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作者：Anstreicher, Garrett
作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
摘要：This paper extends a canonical model of intergenerational human capital investment to a geographic context to study the role of migration in influencing income mobility in the United States. The main result is that migration is considerably influential in shaping the high rates of economic mobility observed among children from low-wage areas, with human capital investment behavioral responses being important to consider. Equalizing school quality across locations does more to reduce interstate...
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作者：Demir, Banu; Fieler, Ana Cecilia; Xu, Daniel Yi; Yang, Kelly Kaili
作者单位：University of Oxford; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Duke University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：We document strong skill matching in Turkish firms' production networks. Additionally, in the data, export demand shocks from rich countries increase firms' skill intensity and their trade with skill-intensive domestic partners. We explain these patterns using a quantitative model with heterogeneous firms, quality choices, and endogenous networks. A counterfactual economy-wide export demand shock of 5% leads both exporters and nonexporters to upgrade quality, raising the average wage by 1.2%. ...
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作者：Dickstein, Michael J.; Ho, Kate; Mark, Nathaniel
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Princeton University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：In the United States, households obtain health insurance through distinct market segments. To explore the economics of this segmentation, we consider the effects of pooling coverage provided through small employers and through individual marketplaces. We model households' demand for insurance and health care along with insurers' price setting to predict equilibrium choices and premiums. Applying our model to data from Oregon, we find that pooling can mitigate adverse selection in the individua...
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作者：Fan, Xiaodong; Seshadri, Ananth; Taber, Christopher
作者单位：Monash University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We estimate a life-cycle model of consumption, human capital investment, and labor supply. The interaction between human capital and labor supply toward the end of the life cycle is most novel. The estimates replicate the main features of the data, in particular the large increase in wages and small increase in labor supply at the beginning of the life cycle and the small decrease in wages but large decrease in labor supply toward the end. We show that incorporating human capital is critical w...
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作者：Burkhauser, Richard V.; Corinth, Kevin; Elwell, James; Larrimore, Jeff
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; IZA Institute Labor Economics; American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：We evaluate progress in the War on Poverty as President Lyndon B. Johnson defined it, which established a 20% baseline poverty rate and adopted an absolute standard. While the official poverty rate fell from 19.5% in 1963 to 10.5% in 2019, our absolute full-income poverty measure-which uses a fuller income measure and updates thresholds only for inflation-fell from 19.5% to 1.6%. However, we also show that relative poverty reductions have been modest. Additionally, government dependence increa...
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作者：Ek, Andreas
作者单位：Lund University
摘要：This paper estimates differences in human capital as country-of-origin-specific labor productivity terms in firm production functions, making it immune to wage discrimination concerns. After accounting for education and experience, estimated human capital varies by a factor of around three between the 90th and the 10th percentile. When I investigate which country-of-origin characteristics most closely correlate with human capital, cultural values are the only robust predictor. This relationshi...
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作者：Colonnelli, Emanuele; Li, Bo; Liu, Ernest
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Peking University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We conduct a large-scale, nondeceptive field experiment to elicit preferences for government participation in China's venture capital and private equity market. Our main result is that the average firm dislikes investors with government ties. We show that such dislike is not present with government-owned firms and that this dislike is highest with best-performing firms. Additional results and surveys suggest that political interference in decision-making is the leading reason why government in...
