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作者：Alvarez, Fernando; Lippi, Francesco; Oskolkov, Aleksei
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Luiss Guido Carli University
摘要：We give a full analytic characterization of a large class of sticky-price models where the firm's price-setting behavior is described by a generalized hazard function. Such a function allows for a vast variety of empirical hazards to be fitted. This setup is microfounded by random adjustment costs, as in , or by information frictions, as in . We establish two main results. First, we show how to identify all the primitives of the model, including the distribution of the fundamental adjustment c...
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作者：DellaVigna, Stefano; Heining, Joerg; Schmieder, Johannes F.; Trenkle, Simon
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：The job-finding rate of unemployment insurance (UI) recipients declines in the initial months of unemployment and then exhibits a spike at the benefit exhaustion point. A range of theoretical explanations have been proposed, but those are hard to disentangle using data on job finding alone. To better understand the underlying mechanisms, we conducted a large text-message-based survey of unemployed workers in Germany. We surveyed 6,349 UI recipients twice a week for four months about their job ...
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作者：Angrist, Joshua; Autor, David; Pallais, Amanda
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Financial aid from the Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation (STBF) provides comprehensive support to a student population similar to that served by a host of state aid programs. In conjunction with STBF, we randomly assigned aid awards to thousands of Nebraska high school graduates from low-income, minority, and first-generation college households. Randomly assigned STBF awards boost bachelor's (BA) degree completion for students targeting four-year schools by about 8 points. Degree gains are con...
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作者：Balboni, Clare; Bandiera, Oriana; Burgess, Robin; Ghatak, Maitreesh; Heil, Anton
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：There are two broad views as to why people stay poor. One emphasizes differences in fundamentals, such as ability, talent, or motivation. The poverty traps view emphasizes differences in opportunities that stem from access to wealth. To test these views, we exploit a large-scale, randomized asset transfer and an 11-year panel of 6,000 households who begin in extreme poverty. The setting is rural Bangladesh, and the assets are cows. The data support the poverty traps view-we identify a threshol...
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作者：Alpert, Abby; Evans, William N.; Lieber, Ethan M. J.; Powell, David
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Notre Dame; RAND Corporation
摘要：Overdose deaths involving opioids have increased dramatically since the 1990s, leading to the worst drug overdose epidemic in U.S. history, but there is limited empirical evidence about the initial causes. In this article, we examine the role of the 1996 introduction and marketing of OxyContin as a potential leading cause of the opioid crisis. We leverage cross-state variation in exposure to OxyContin's introduction due to a state policy that substantially limited the drug's early entry and ma...
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作者：Chan, David C.; Gentzkow, Matthew; Yu, Chuan
作者单位：US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University
摘要：Physicians, judges, teachers, and agents in many other settings differ systematically in the decisions they make when faced with similar cases. Standard approaches to interpreting and exploiting such differences assume they arise solely from variation in preferences. We develop an alternative framework that allows variation in preferences and diagnostic skill and show that both dimensions may be partially identified in standard settings under quasi-random assignment. We apply this framework to...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; De Feo, Giuseppe; De Luca, Giacomo; Russo, Gianluca
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Leicester; Free University of Bozen-Bolzano; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：The recent ascent of right-wing populist movements in several countries has rekindled interest in understanding the causes of the rise of fascism in the interwar years. In this article, we argue that there was a strong link between the surge of support for the Socialist Party after World War I and the subsequent emergence of fascism in Italy. We first develop a source of variation in socialist support across Italian municipalities in the 1919 election based on war casualties from the area. We ...
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作者：Gumpert, Anna; Steimer, Henrike; Antoni, Manfred
作者单位：University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We show theoretically and empirically that the managerial organization of multiestablishment firms is interdependent across establishments. To derive our result, we study the effect of geographic frictions on firm organization. In our model, we assume that a CEO's time is a resource in limited supply, shared across headquarters and establishments. Geographic frictions increase the costs of accessing the CEO. Hiring middle managers at one establishment substitutes for CEO time, which is realloc...
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作者：Lanzani, Giacomo
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：I offer an axiomatization of risk models where the choices of the decision maker are correlation sensitive. By extending the techniques of conjoint measurement to the nondeterministic case, I show that transitivity is the von Neumann-Morgenstern axiom that has to be relaxed to allow for these richer patterns of behavior. To illustrate the advantages of the modeling choice, we provide a simple axiomatization for the salience theory model in our general framework. This approach leads to clear co...
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作者：Aneja, Abhay; Xu, Guo
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We link newly digitized personnel records of the U.S. government for 1907-1921 to census data to study the segregation of the civil service by race under President Woodrow Wilson. Using a difference-in-differences design around Wilson's inauguration, we find that the introduction of employment segregation increased the black-white earnings gap by 3.4-6.9 percentage points. This increasing gap is driven by a reallocation of existing black civil servants to lower-paid positions, lowering their r...
