作者：Mullainathan, Sendhil; Obermeyer, Ziad
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use machine learning as a tool to study decision making, focusing specifically on how physicians diagnose heart attack. An algorithmic model of a patient's probability of heart attack allows us to identify cases where physicians' testing decisions deviate from predicted risk. We then use actual health outcomes to evaluate whether those deviations represent mistakes or physicians' superior knowledge. This approach reveals two inefficiencies. Physicians overtest: predictably low-risk patients...
作者：Michelman, Valerie; Price, Joseph; Zimmerman, Seth D.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Brigham Young University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University
摘要：This article studies how exclusive social groups shape upward mobility and whether interactions between low- and high-status peers can integrate the top rungs of the economic and social ladders. Our setting is Harvard University in the 1920s and 1930s, where new groups of students arriving on campus encountered a social system centered on exclusive old boys' clubs. Combining archival and census records, we first show that students from prestigious private feeder schools are overrepresented in ...
