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作者：Grossman, Gene M.; Helpman, Elhanan; Sabal, Alejandro
作者单位：Princeton University; Harvard University
摘要：Forward-looking investments determine the resilience of firms' supply chains. Such investments confer externalities on other firms in the production network. We compare the equilibrium and optimal allocations in a general equilibrium model with an arbitrary number of vertical production tiers. Our model features endogenous investments in protective capabilities, endogenous formation of supply links, and sequential bargaining over quantities and payments between firms in successive tiers. We de...
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作者：Blaum, Joaquin
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：I investigate the consequences of firms' joint import and export decisions in the context of large devaluations. I provide empirical evidence that large devaluations are characterized by an increase in the aggregate share of imported inputs in total input spending and by reallocation of resources toward import-intensive firms, contrary to what standard quantitative trade models predict. These facts are explained by the expansion of exporters, which are intense importers. I develop a model wher...
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作者：Aizer, Anna; Early, Nancy; Eli, Shari; Imbens, Guido; Lee, Keyoung; Lleras-Muney, Adriana; Strand, Alexander
作者单位：Brown University; University of Toronto; Stanford University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We study the lifetime effects of the first and largest American youth employment and training program in the United States-the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 1933-1942. We match newly digitized enrollee records to census, World War II enlistment, Social Security, and death records. We find that longer service in the CCC led to improvements in height, health status, longevity, geographic mobility, and lifetime earnings but did not improve short-term labor market outcomes, including employme...
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作者：Andrabi, Tahir; Bau, Natalie; Das, Jishnu; Karachiwalla, Naureen; Khwaja, Asim Ijaz
作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Pomona College; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research; Georgetown University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We estimate the equilibrium effects of a public school grant program administered through school councils in Pakistani villages with multiple public and private schools and clearly defined catchment boundaries. The program was randomized at the village level, allowing us to estimate its causal impact on the market. Four years after the start of the program, test scores were 0.2 standard deviations higher in public schools. We find evidence of an education multiplier: test scores in private sch...
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作者：Karing, Anne
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This article explores the use of social signaling as a policy tool to sustainably affect childhood immunization. In a 26-month field experiment with public clinics in Sierra Leone, I introduce a verifiable signal-in the form of color-coded bracelets-given to children upon timely completion of the first four or all five required vaccinations. Signals increase parents' belief in the visibility of their actions and knowledge of other children's vaccine status. The impact of signals varies signifi...
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作者：Chandra, Amitabh; Flack, Evan; Obermeyer, Ziad
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：What happens when patients suddenly stop their medications? We study the health consequences of drug interruptions caused by large, abrupt, and arbitrary changes in price. Medicare's prescription drug benefit as-if-randomly assigns 65-year-olds a drug budget as a function of their birth month, beyond which out-of-pocket costs suddenly increase. Those facing smaller budgets consume fewer drugs and die more: mortality increases 0.0164 percentage points per month (13.9%) for each $100 per month b...
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作者：Althoff, Lukas; Reichardt, Hugo
作者单位：Stanford University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This article studies the long-run effects of slavery and restrictive Jim Crow institutions on Black Americans' economic outcomes. We track individual-level census records of each Black family from 1850 to 1940 and extend our analysis to neighborhood-level outcomes in 2000 and surname-based outcomes in 2023. We show that Black families whose ancestors were enslaved until the Civil War have considerably lower education, income, and wealth than Black families whose ancestors were free before the ...
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作者：Arold, Benjamin W.
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：Anti-scientific attitudes can impose substantial costs on societies. Can schools be an important agent in mitigating the propagation of such attitudes? This article investigates the effect of the content of science education on anti-scientific attitudes, knowledge, and choices. The analysis exploits staggered reforms that reduce or expand the coverage of evolution theory in U.S. state science education standards. I compare adjacent student cohorts in models with state and cohort fixed effects....
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作者：Adams, Abi; Huttunen, Kristiina; Nix, Emily; Zhang, Ning
作者单位：University of Oxford; Aalto University; University of Southern California; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Domestic abuse encompasses a range of damaging behaviors beyond physical violence, including economic and emotional abuse. We analyze the impact of cohabiting with an abusive partner on victims' economic outcomes. In so doing, we highlight the systematic role of economic suppression in such relationships. Using Finnish administrative data and a matched-control event-study design, along with a within-individual comparison of outcomes across relationships, we document three new facts. First, wom...
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作者：Graeber, Thomas; Roth, Christopher; Zimmermann, Florian
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Cologne; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bonn
摘要：For many decisions, we encounter relevant information over the course of days, months, or years. We consume such information in various forms, including stories (qualitative content about individual instances) and statistics (quantitative data about collections of observations). This article proposes that information type-story versus statistic-shapes selective memory. In controlled experiments, we document a pronounced story-statistic gap in memory: the average impact of statistics on beliefs...
