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作者：Burchardi, Konrad B.; Chaney, Thomas; Hassan, Tarek A.
作者单位：Stockholm University; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We use 130 years of data on historical migrations to the U.S. to show a causal effect of the ancestry composition of U.S. counties on foreign direct investment (FDI) sent and received by local firms. To isolate the causal effect of ancestry on FDI, we build a simple reduced-form model of migrations: Migrations from a foreign country to a U.S. county at a given time depend on (1) a push factor, causing emigration from that foreign country to the entire U.S., and (2) a pull factor, causing immig...
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作者：Combes, Pierre-Philippe; Duranton, Gilles; Gobillon, Laurent
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); University of Pennsylvania; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Paris School of Economics
摘要：We develop a new methodology to estimate the elasticity of urban costs with respect to city population using French house and land price data. After handling a number of estimation concerns, we find that the elasticity of urban costs increases with city population with an estimate of about 0.03 for an urban area with 100,000 inhabitants to 0.08 for an urban area of the size of Paris. Our approach also yields a number of intermediate outputs of independent interest such as the share of housing ...
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作者：Belot, Michele; Kircher, Philipp; Muller, Paul
作者单位：European University Institute; University of Edinburgh; University of Gothenburg
摘要：We develop and evaluate experimentally a novel tool that redesigns the job search process by providing tailored advice at lowcost. We invited jobseekers to our computer facilities for twelve consecutive weekly sessions to search for real jobs on our web interface. For one-half, instead of relying on their own search criteria, we use readily available labour market data to display relevant alternative occupations and associated jobs. The data indicate that this broadens the set of jobs they con...
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作者：Bursztyn, Leonardo; Egorov, Georgy; Jensen, Robert
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We model and test two school-based peer cultures: one that stigmatizes effort and one that rewards ability. The model shows that either may reduce participation in educational activities when peers can observe participation and performance. We design a field experiment that allows us to test for, and differentiate between, these two concerns. We find that peer pressure reduces takeup of an SAT prep package virtually identically across two very different high school settings. However, the effec...
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作者：Karlan, Dean; Zinman, Jonathan
作者单位：Northwestern University; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College
摘要：We use randomized interest rates, offered across eighty geographically distinct regions for twenty-nine months by Mexico's largest microlender, to sketch the adjustment from a price change to a new equilibrium. Demand is elastic, and more so over the longer run; e.g. the dollars-borrowed elasticity increases from -1.1 in Year one to -2.9 in Year three. Credit bureau data do not show evidence of crowd-out, although this and other null results are imprecisely estimated. The lender's profits incr...
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作者：Jarosch, Gregor; Pilossoph, Laura
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：This article models a frictional labour market where employers endogenously discriminate against the long-term unemployed. The estimated model replicates recent experimental evidence which documents that interview invitations for observationally equivalent workers fall sharply as unemployment duration progresses. We use the model to quantitatively assess the consequences of such employer behaviour for job finding rates and long-term unemployment and find only modest effects given the large dec...
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作者：Garrett, Daniel F.; Gomes, Renato; Maestri, Lucas
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：We study the interplay between informational frictions and second-degree price discrimination. Our theory recognizes that consumers differ in their tastes for quality as well as in the information they possess about available offers, which leads to dispersion over price-quality menus in equilibrium. While firms are ex ante identical, we show that their menus are ordered so that more generous menus leave more surplus to consumers of all valuations. We explore the cross-section of equilibrium me...
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作者：Carroll, Gabriel; Segal, Ilya
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：The standard revenue-maximizing auction discriminates against a priori stronger bidders so as to reduce their information rents. We show that such discrimination is no longer optimal when the auction's winner may resell to another bidder, and the auctioneer has non-Bayesian uncertainty about such resale opportunities. We identify a worst-case resale scenario, in which bidders' values become publicly known after the auction and losing bidders compete Bertrand-style to buy the object from the wi...
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作者：Schmutz, Benoit; Sidibe, Modibo
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Duke University
摘要：We build a dynamic model of migration where, in addition to standard relocation costs, workers face spatial frictions that decrease their ability to compete for distant job opportunities. We estimate the model on a matched employer-employee panel dataset describing labour market transitions within and between the 100 largest French cities. Our identification strategy is based on the premise that frictions affect the frequency of job transitions, while mobility costs impact the distribution of ...
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作者：Jullien, Bruno; Pavan, Alessandro
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Northwestern University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We study platform markets in which the information about users' preferences is dispersed. First, we show how the dispersion of information introduces idiosyncratic uncertainty about participation decisions and how the latter shapes the elasticity of the demands and the equilibrium prices. We then study the effects on profits, consumer surplus, and welfare of platform design, blogs, forums, conferences, advertising campaigns, post-launch disclosures, and other information management policies af...
