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作者：Abrevaya, Jason
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We offer evidence of gender selection within the United States. Analysis of comprehensive birth data shows unusually high boy-birth percentages after 1980 among later children (most notably third and fourth children) born to Chinese and Asian Indian mothers. Based upon linked data from California, Asian Indian mothers are found to be significantly more likely to have a terminated pregnancy and to give birth to a boy when they have previously only given birth to girls. The observed boy-birth pe...
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作者：Gerber, Alan S.; Karlan, Dean; Bergan, Daniel
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Michigan State University
摘要：We conducted a field experiment to measure the effect of exposure to newspapers on political behavior and opinion. Before the 2005 Virginia gubernatorial election, we randomly assigned individuals to a Washington Post free subscription treatment, a Washington Times free subscription treatment, or a control treatment. We find no effect of either paper on political knowledge, stated opinions, or turnout in post-election survey and voter data. However, receiving either paper led to more support f...
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作者：Lafontaine, Francine; Sivadasan, Jagadeesh
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We exploit a unique outlet-level dataset from a multinational chain with over 2,500 outlets in 43 countries to investigate the effects of labor regulations that protect employment. The dataset contains information on output, materials, and labor costs at a weekly frequency over several years, allowing us to examine the consequences of labor market rigidity at a much more detailed level than has been possible to date. We find that higher labor market rigidity is associated with significantly hi...
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作者：Piketty, Thomas; Qian, Nancy
作者单位：Brown University
摘要：This paper evaluates income tax reforms in China and India. The combination of fast income growth and under-indexed tax schedule in China implies the fraction of the Chinese population subject to income tax has increased from less than 0.1 percent in 1986 to about 20 percent in 2008, while it has stagnated around 2-3 percent in India. Chinese income tax revenues, as a share of GDP, increased from less than 0.1 percent in 1986 to about 1.5 percent in 2005 and 2.5 percent in 2008, while the cons...
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作者：Huillery, Elise
作者单位：Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)
摘要：To what extent do colonial public investments continue to influence current regional inequalities in French-speaking West Africa? Using a new database and the spatial discontinuities of colonial investment policy, this paper gives evidence that early colonial investments had large and persistent effects on current outcomes. The nature of investments also matters. Current educational outcomes have been More specifically determined by colonial investments in education rather than health and infr...
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作者：Kremer, Michael; Olken, Benjamin A.
作者单位：Harvard University; Brookings Institution; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper applies principles from evolutionary biology to the study of unions. We show that unions that implement the preferred wage and organizing policies of workers will be displaced in evolutionary competition by unions that either extract less from firms, allowing them to live longer, or spend more on union organizing, or both. This implies that unions with constitutional incumbency advantages that allow leaders to depart from members' preferences may have a selective advantage, allowing...
