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作者：De Giorgi, Giacomo; Pellizzari, Michele; Redaelli, Silvia
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Bocconi University
摘要：In this paper, we demonstrate that, in a context where peer groups do not overlap fully, it is possible to identify all the relevant parameters of the standard linear-in-means model of social interactions. We apply this novel identification structure to study peer effects in the choice of college major. Results show that one is more likely to choose a major when many of her peers make the same choice. We also show that peers can divert students from majors in which they have a relative ability...
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作者：Fryer, Roland G., Jr.; Levitt, Steven D.
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We document and analyze the emergence of a substantial gender gap in mathematics in the early years of schooling using a large, recent, and nationally representative panel of US children. There are no mean differences between boys and girls upon entry to school, but girls lose more than two-tenths of a standard deviation relative to boys over the first six years of school. The ground lost by girls relative to boys is roughly half as large as the black-white test score gap that appears over the...
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作者：Jayachandran, Seema; Lleras-Muney, Adriana; Smith, Kimberly V.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Mathematica
摘要：This paper studies the contribution of sulfa drugs, a groundbreaking medical innovation in the 1930s, to declines in US mortality. For several infectious diseases, sulfa drugs represented the first effective treatment. Using time-series and difference-in-differences methods, we find that sulfa drugs led to a 24 to 36 percent decline in maternal mortality, 17 to 32 percent decline in pneumonia mortality, and 52 to 65 percent decline in scarlet fever mortality between 1937 and 1943. Altogether, ...
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作者：Wisdom, Jessica; Downs, Julie S.; Loewenstein, George
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：Success in slowing obesity trends would benefit from policies aimed at reducing calorie consumption. In afield experiment at a fast-food sandwich chain, we address the effects of providing calorie information, mimicking recent legislation, and test an alternative approach that makes ordering healthier slightly more convenient. We find that calorie information reduces calorie intake. Providing a daily calorie target does as well, but only for non-overweight individuals. Making healthy choices c...
