-
作者：Drexler, Alejandro; Fischer, Greg; Schoar, Antoinette
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Micro-entrepreneurs often lack the financial literacy required to make important financial decisions. We conducted a randomized evaluation with a bank in the Dominican Republic to compare the impact of two distinct programs: standard accounting training versus a simplified, rule-of-thumb training that taught basic financial heuristics. The rule-of-thumb training significantly improved firms' financial practices, objective reporting quality, and revenues. For micro-entrepreneurs with lower skil...
-
作者：Cunha, Jesse M.
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School
摘要：Welfare programs are often implemented in-kind to promote outcomes that might not be realized under cash transfers. This paper tests whether such paternalistically motivated transfers are justified compared to cash, using a randomized controlled trial of Mexico's food assistance program. In relation to total food consumption, the in-kind transfer was infra-marginal and nondistorting. However, the transfer contained ten food items, and there was large variation in the extent to which individual...
-
作者：Chinkhumba, Jobiba; Godlonton, Susan; Thornton, Rebecca
作者单位：University of Malawi; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper measures the demand for adult medical male circumcision using an experiment that randomly offered varying-priced subsidies and comprehensive information to 1,600 uncircumcised men in urban Malawi. We find low demand for male circumcision: only 3 percent are circumcised over a three month period. Despite the low overall level of take-up, both price and information are significant determinants of circumcision. Still, the main barriers to male circumcision-cultural norms and fear of pa...
-
作者：Beaudry, Paul; Lewis, Ethan
作者单位：University of British Columbia; National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College
摘要：Male-female wage gaps declined significantly over the 1980s and 1990s, while returns to education increased. In this paper, we use cross-city data to explore whether, like the return to education, the change in the gender wage gap may reflect changes in skill prices induced by the diffusion of information technology. We show that male-female and education-wage differentials moved in opposite directions in response to the adoption of PCs. Our most credible estimates imply that changes in skill ...
-
作者：Debaere, Peter
摘要：With newly available data, I investigate to what extent countries' international trade exploits the very uneven water resources on a global scale. I find that water is a source of comparative advantage and that relatively water abundant countries export more water-intensive products. Additionally, water contributes significantly less to the pattern of exports than the traditional production factors labor and physical capital. This suggests relatively moderate disruptions to overall trade on a ...
-
作者：Ost, Ben
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：One of the most consistent findings in the literature on teacher quality is that teachers improve with experience, especially in the first several years. This study extends this research by separately identifying the benefits of general teaching experience and specific curriculum familiarity. I find that both specific and general human capital contribute to teacher improvement and that recent specific experience is more valuable than distant specific experience. This paper also contributes to ...
-
作者：McKenzie, David; Theoharides, Caroline; Yang, Dean
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We use an original panel dataset of migrant departures from the Philippines to identify the responsiveness of migrant numbers and wages to GDP shocks in destination countries. We find a large, significant response of migrant numbers to GDP shocks at destination, but no significant wage response. This is consistent with binding minimum wages for migrant labor. This result implies that labor market imperfections that make international migration attractive also make migrant flows more sensitive ...
-
作者：Bartel, Ann P.; Beaulieu, Nancy D.; Phibbs, Ciaran S.; Stone, Patricia W.
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; US Department of Veterans Affairs; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Stanford University; Columbia University
摘要：Using panel data from a large hospital system, this paper presents estimates of the productivity effects of human capital in a team production environment. Proxying nurses' general human capital by education and their unit-specific human capital by experience on the nursing unit, we find that greater amounts of both types of human capital significantly improve patient outcomes. Disruptions to team functioning attributable to the departure of experienced nurses, the absorption of new hires, and...
-
作者：Pradhan, Menno; Suryadarma, Daniel; Beatty, Amanda; Wong, Maisy; Gaduh, Arya; Alisjahbana, Armida; Artha, Rima Prama
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Australian National University; Mathematica; University of Pennsylvania; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Universitas Padjadjaran
摘要：Education ministries worldwide have promoted community engagement through school committees. This paper presents results from a large field experiment testing alternative approaches to strengthen school committees in public schools in Indonesia. Two novel treatments focus on institutional reforms. First, some schools were randomly assigned to implement elections of school committee members. Another treatment facilitated joint planning meetings between the school committee and the village counc...
-
作者：Garthwaite, Craig L.
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：This paper studies the economic effects of endorsements. In the publishing sector, endorsements are found to be a business stealing form of advertising that raises title level sales without expanding the market size. If anything, the endorsements decrease aggregate adult fiction sales. This might be a result of the endorsed books being more difficult than those that otherwise would have been purchased. Economically meaningful sales increases are also found for nonendorsed titles written by end...
