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作者：Shue, Kelly; Luttmer, Erzo F. P.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：If voters have negligible cognition costs, ballot layout should not affect election outcomes. We explore deviations from rational voting using quasi-random variation in candidate name placement on ballots from the 2003 California recall election. We find that minor candidates' vote shares almost double when their names are adjacent to the names of major candidates. All else equal, vote share gains are larger in precincts with higher percentages of poorly educated, poor, or third-party voters. ...
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作者：Ferreyra, Maria Marta
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：In this paper, I develop an empirical framework for the analysis of large-scale policies, and apply it to study the effects of school finance reform on the Detroit metropolitan area. Exploiting school finance reform in Michigan in 1994, I estimate a general equilibrium model of multiple jurisdictions with 1990 data from Detroit, predict the 2000 equilibrium, and compare this prediction with 2000 data to validate the model. I conduct counterfactual simulations using the estimates According to m...
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作者：Cattaneo, Matias D.; Galiani, Sebastian; Gertler, Paul J.; Martinez, Sebastian; Titiunik, Rocio
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Washington University (WUSTL); University of California System; University of California Berkeley; The World Bank; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We investigate the impact of a large-scale Mexican program to replace dirt floors with cement floors on child health and adult happiness. We find that replacing dirt floors with cement significantly improves he health of young children measured by decreases in the incidence of parasitic infestations, diarrhea, and the prevalence of anemia, and an improvement in children's cognitive development. Additionally, we find significant improvements in adult welfare measured by increased satisfaction w...
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作者：Desai, Mihir A.; Foley, C. Fritz; Hines, James R., Jr.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Do firms investing abroad simultaneously reduce their domestic activity? This paper analyzes the relationship between the domestic and foreign operations of US manufacturing firms between 1982 and 2004 by instrumenting for changes in foreign operations with GDP growth rates of the foreign countries in which they invest. Estimates produced using this instrument indicate that 10 percent greater foreign investment is associated with 2.6 percent greater domestic investment, and 10 percent greater ...
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作者：Meer, Jonathan; Rosen, Harvey S.
作者单位：Stanford University; Princeton University
摘要：We study alumni contributions to an anonymous research university. If alumni believe donations will increase the likelihood of their child's admission, and if this belief helps motivate their giving, then the pattern of giving should vary systematically with the ages of their children, whether the children ultimately apply to the university, and the admissions outcome. We call this pattern the child cycle of alumni giving. The evidence is consistent with the child-cycle pattern. Thus, while al...
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作者：Barrow, Lisa; Markman, Lisa; Rouse, Cecilia Elena
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Princeton University; Princeton University; Princeton University
摘要：We present results from a randomized study of a well-defined use of computers in schools, a popular instructional computer program for pre-algebra and algebra. We primarily assess the program using a test designed to target pre-algebra and algebra skills. Students randomly assigned to computer-aided instruction score significantly higher on a pre-algebra and algebra test than students randomly assigned to traditional instruction. We hypothesize that this effectiveness arises from increased ind...
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作者：Brueckner, Jan K.; Selod, Harris
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; The World Bank; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：This paper offers a new theoretical approach to urban squatting, reflecting the view that squatters and formal residents compete for land within a city. The key implication is that squatters squeeze the formal market, raising the price paid by formal residents. The squatter organizer ensures that squeezing is not too severe, since otherwise, the formal price will rise to a level that invites eviction by landowners. Because eviction is absent in equilibrium, the model differs from previous anal...
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作者：Holland, Stephen P.; Hughes, Jonathan E.; Knittel, Christopher R.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Greensboro; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：A low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by limiting the carbon intensity of fuels. We show this decreases high carbon fuel production but increases low carbon fuel production, possibly increasing net carbon emissions. The LCFS cannot be efficient, and the best LCFS may be nonbinding. We simulate a national LCFS on gasoline and ethanol. For a broad parameter range, emissions decrease, energy prices increase, abatement costs are large ($80-$760 billion annually...
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作者：Saez, Emmanuel
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We examine the effects of presentation and information on the takeup of financial subsidies for retirement saving in a large randomized experiment carried out with H&R Block. The subsidies raise take-up and contributions with larger effects when the subsidy is characterized as a matching contribution rather than an equivalent-value tax credit (or cash back), and when filers are informed before the tax season about the subsidy. The results imply that both pure incentives and the presentation of...
