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作者：MacLeod, W. Bentley; Riehl, Evan; Saavedra, Juan E.; Urquiola, Miguel
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Southern California
摘要：We explore how college reputation affects the big sort, the process by which students choose colleges and find their first jobs. We incorporate a simple definition of college reputation-graduates' mean admission scores-into a competitive labor market model. This generates a clear prediction: if employers use reputation to set wages, then the introduction of a new measure of individual skill will decrease the return to reputation. Administrative data and a natural experiment from the country of...
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作者：Miller, Conrad
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：I estimate the dynamic effects of federal affirmative action regulation, exploiting variation in the timing of regulation and deregulation across work establishments. Affirmative action increases the black share of employees over time: in 5 years after an establishment is first regulated, the black share of employees increases by an average of 0.8 percentage points. Strikingly, the black share continues to grow at a similar pace even after an establishment is deregulated. I argue that this per...
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作者：Muralidharan, Karthik; Prakash, Nishith
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut
摘要：We study the impact of an innovative program in the Indian state of Bihar that aimed to reduce the gender gap in secondary school enrollment by providing girls who continued to secondary school with a bicycle that would improve access to school. Using data from a large representative household survey, we employ a triple difference approach (using boys and the neighboring state of Jharkhand as comparison groups) and find that being in a cohort that was exposed to the Cycle program increased gir...
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作者：Bhavnani, Rikhil R.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Do electoral quotas for ethnic groups continue to improve their chances of winning elections after quotas are withdrawn? This is an important question since ethnic group quotas are common, and are often intended to be temporary. Using natural experiments, I find that electoral quotas for India's scheduled castes (SCs) fail to boost SCs' chances of winning office after they are discontinued. These results contrast with the significant positive effects of past women's quotas found in similar con...
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作者：Cristia, Julian; Ibarraran, Pablo; Cueto, Santiago; Santiago, Ana; Severin, Eugenio
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru
摘要：This paper presents results from a large-scale randomized evaluation of the One Laptop per Child program, using data collected after 15 months of implementation in 318 primary schools in rural Peru. The program increased the ratio of computers per student from 0.12 to 1.18 in treatment schools. This expansion in access translated into substantial increases in use of computers both at school and at home. No evidence is found of effects on test scores in math and language. There is some evidence...
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作者：Lyons, Elizabeth
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Coworkers are increasingly diverse in their nationality and skill sets. This paper studies the effect of diversity on how workers are organized using data from a field experiment conducted in an environment where diversity is pervasive. Findings show that team organization improves outcomes when workers are from the same country. The opposite is true when workers are nationally diverse. These results are more pronounced for teams of workers with specialized skills. Further investigation of the...
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作者：Carrell, Scott; Sacerdote, Bruce
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College
摘要：We present evidence from a series of field experiments in college coaching/mentoring. We find large impacts on college attendance and persistence, but only in the treatments where we use an intensive boots-on-the-ground approach to helping students. Our treatments that provide financial incentives or information alone do not appear to be effective. For women, assignment to our mentoring treatment yields a 15 percentage point increase in the - college-going rate while treatment on the treated e...
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作者：Barsbai, Toman; Rapoport, Hillel; Steinmayr, Andreas; Trebesch, Christoph
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW); Paris School of Economics; University of Munich; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Migration contributes to the circulation of goods, knowledge, and ideas. Using community and - individual-level data from Moldova, we show that the emigration wave that started in the aftermath of the Russian crisis of 1998 strongly affected electoral outcomes and political preferences in Moldova during the following decade, eventually contributing to the fall of the last Communist government in Europe. Our results are suggestive of information transmission and cultural diffusion channels. Ide...
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作者：Gaggl, Paul; Wright, Greg C.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte; University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：We study the short-run causal effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) adoption on employment and wage distribution. We exploit a natural experiment generated by a tax allowance on ICT investments and find that the primary effect of ICT is to complement nonroutine, cognitive-intensive work. We also find that the ICT investments led to organizational changes that were associated with increased inequality within the firm and we discuss our findings in the context of theories of I...
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作者：Barwick, Panle Jia; Pathak, Parag A.; Wong, Maisy
作者单位：Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper documents uniformity in real estate commission rates offered to buyers' agents using 653,475 residential listings in eastern Massachusetts from 1998-2011. Properties listed with lower commission rates experience less favorable transaction outcomes: they are 5 percent less likely to sell and take 12 percent longer to sell. These adverse outcomes reflect decreased willingness of buyers' agents to intermediate low commission properties (steering), rather than heterogeneous seller prefe...
