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作者：Geruso, Michael; Spears, Dean
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Delhi
摘要：In this paper, we shed new light on a long-standing puzzle: India, Muslim children are substantially more likely than Hindu children to survive to their first birthday, even though Indian Muslims hove lower wealth, consumption, educational attainment, and access to state services. Contrary to the prior literature, we show that the observed mortality advantage accrues not to Muslim households themselves but rather to their neighbors, who are also likely to be Muslim. Investigating mechanisms, w...
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作者：Anukriti, S.
作者单位：Boston College; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Can financial incentives resolve the fertility-sex ratio trade-off faced by countries with persistent son preference and easy access to sex-selection technology? An Indian program, Devi Rupak, that seeks to lower fertility and the sex ratio is unable to do so. Although fertility decreases, the sex ratio at birth worsens as high son preference families are unwilling to forgo a son despite substantially higher benefits for a daughter Thus, financial incentives may only play a limited role in the...
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作者：Lafortune, Julien; Rothstein, Jesse; Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Northwestern University
摘要：We study the impact of post-1990 school finance reforms, during the so-called adequacy era, on absolute and relative spending and achievement in low-income school districts. Using cm event study research. design that exploits the apparent randomness of reform timing, we show that reforms lead to sharp, inunediate, and sustained increases in spending in low-income school districts. Using representative samples from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, we find that reforms cause incr...
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作者：Martinez A, Claudia; Puentes, Esteban; Ruiz-Tagle, Jaime
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Universidad de Chile; Universidad de Chile
摘要：We investigate the impact of a program providing asset transfers and business training to low income individuals in Chile, and asked whether a larger asset transfer would magnify the program's impact. We randomly assigned participation in a large scale, publicly run micro-entrepreneurship program and evaluated its effects over 45 months. The program improved business practices, employment, and labor income. In the short run, self-employment increased by 14.8/25.2 percentage points for a small/...
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作者：Marx, Benjamin M.; Turner, Lesley J.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We estimate the effect of grant aid on City University of New York (CUNY) students' borrowing and attainment using a regression discontinuity/kink design based on the federal Pell Grant formula. Each dollar of grant aid reduces loans by $1.80 among borrowers. We only find crowd-out of this magnitude in colleges that, like CUNY, offer no loon aid and require students to opt into borrowing. We develop and empirically support a model that shows opt-in or other fixed borrowing costs can lead grant...
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作者：Dupas, Pascaline; Karlan, Dean; Robinson, Jonathan; Ubfal, Diego
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Bocconi University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We expertmentally test the impact of expanding access to basic bank accounts in Uganda. Malawi, and Chile. Over two years, 17, 10, and 3 percent of treatment individuals made five or more deposits, respectively. Average monthly deposits in treatment accounts were sizable among users, corresponding to the seventy-ninth, ninety-first, and ninety-sixth percentiles of baseline savings. Survey data show no discernible intention-to-treat effects on savings or any downstream outcomes, though we canno...
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作者：Hanaoka, Chie; Shigeoka, Hitoshi; Watanabe, Yasutora
作者单位：Toyo University; Simon Fraser University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Tokyo
摘要：We investigate whether individuals' risk preferences change after experiencing a natural disaster, specifically, the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Exploiting the panels of nationally representative surveys on risk preferences,wefind that men who experienced greater intensity of the earthquake became more risk tolerant a year after the Earthquake. Interestingly, the effects on men's risk preferences are persistent even five years after the Earthquake at almost the same magnitude as those sh...
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作者：Deryugina, Tatyana; Kawano, Laura; Levitt, Steven
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; United States Department of the Treasury; University of Chicago
摘要：Hurricane Katrina destroyed over 200,000 homes and led to massive economic and physical dislocation. Using a panel of tax return data, we provide one of the first comprehensive analyses of the hurricane's long-term economic impact on its victims. Hurricane Katrina had large and persistent impacts on where people live, hut small and surprisingly transitory effects on employment and income. Within just a few years, Katrina victims' incomes actually surpass that of controls from similar unaffecte...
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作者：Joseph, Thomas; Nyarko, Yaw; Wang, Shing-Yi
作者单位：Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Udaipur (IIMU); New York University; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Using new large-scale, administrative data matching remittances and monthly payroll disbursals, we demonstrate how migrants' earnings in the United Arab Emirates affect their remittances. We consider several types of income changes: Ramadan, weather shocks, a labor reform and returns to time in the UAE. We demonstrate that two key characteristics of the income changes that affect the income elasticity of remittances are the observability of the income and whether the income change is positive ...
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作者：Meghir, Costas; Palme, Marten; Simeonova, Emilia
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC); Stockholm University; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine the effects on mortality and health due to a major Swedish educationol reform that increased the years of compulsory schooling. Using the gradual phase-in of the reform between 1949 and 1962 across municipalities, we estimate insignificant effects of the reform on mortality in the affected cohort. From the confidence intervals, we con rule out effects' larger than 1-1.4 months of increased life expectancy. We find no significant impacts on mortality for individuals of low socioecono...
