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作者：Panhans, Matthew
摘要：This study tests for adverse selection in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) health insurance exchanges established in 2014, and quantifies the welfare consequences. Using a new statewide dataset of medical claims from Colorado, I use plausibly exogenous premium variation generated by geographic discontinuities to test for selection. Specifically, each $1 increase in monthly premiums causes a $0.85-0.95 increase in annual medical expenditures of the insured population in 2014, with attenuated effec...
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作者：Curto, Vilsa; Einav, Liran; Finkelstein, Amy; Levin, Jonathan; Bhattacharya, Jay
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：We compare health care spending in public and private Medicare using newly available claims data from Medicare Advantage (MA) insurers. MA insurer revenues are 30 percent higher than their health care spending. Adjusting for enrollee mix, health care spending per enrollee in MA is 9 to 30 percent lower than in Traditional Medicare (TM), depending on the way we define comparable enrollees. Spending differences primarily reflect differences in health care utilization, with similar reductions for...
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作者：Bruns, Benjamin
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：Using linked employer-employee data for West Germany, I investigate the role of growing wage differentials between firms in the slowdown of gender wage convergence since the 1990s. The results show that two factors are at play: first, high-wage firms experience higher wage growth and employ disproportionately more men, and second, male firm premiums grow faster than female premiums in the same firms. These developments were catalyzed by a decline of union coverage, coupled with more firm-speci...
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作者：Bhalotra, Sonia; Chakravarty, Abhishek; Mookherjee, Dilip; Pino, Francisco J.
作者单位：University of Essex; University of Manchester; Boston University; Universidad de Chile
摘要：We examine intra-household gender-differentiated effects of property rights securitisation following West Bengal's tenancy registration program, using two independently gathered datasets. In both samples, higher program implementation increased male child survival rates in families without a firstborn son, but not in those that already have a firstborn male child. We argue this reflects intensified son preference as land rights improve, ostensibly to ensure a male heir to inherit land. Consist...
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作者：Heyes, Anthony; Saberian, Soodeh
作者单位：University of Ottawa
摘要：We analyze the impact of outdoor temperature on high-stakes decisions (immigration adjudications) made by professional decision-makers (US immigration judges). In our preferred specification, which includes spatial, temporal, and judge fixed effects, and controls for various potential confounders, a 10 degrees F degree increase in case-day temperature reduces decisions favorable to the applicant by 6.55 percent. This is despite judgements being made indoors, protected by climate control. Resul...
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作者：Meyer, Bruce D.; Mittag, Nikolas
作者单位：University of Chicago; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
摘要：We examine the consequences of survey underreporting of transfer programs for prototypical analyses of low-income populations. We link administrative data for four transfer programs to the CPS to correct its severe understatement of transfer dollars received. Using survey data sharply understates the income of poor households, distorts our understanding of program targeting, and greatly understates the effects of anti-poverty programs. Using the combined data, the poverty-reducing effect of al...
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作者：Abel, Martin; Burger, Rulof; Carranza, Eliana; Piraino, Patrizio
作者单位：Middlebury College; Stellenbosch University; The World Bank; University of Cape Town
摘要：The paper tests the effects of plan making on job search and employment. In a field experiment with unemployed youths, participants who complete a detailed job search plan increase the number of job applications submitted (by 15 percent) but not the time spent searching, consistent with intention-behavior gaps observed at baseline. Job seekers in the plan-making group diversify their search strategy and use more formal search channels. This greater search efficiency and effectiveness translate...
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作者：Anderson, Mark; Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Olivares, Claudio Las Heras; Rees, Daniel, I
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Central Bank of Chile; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver
摘要：The US tuberculosis (TB) movement pioneered many of the strategies of modern public health campaigns. Using newly transcribed mortality data at the municipal level for the period 1900-1917, we explore the effectiveness of public health measures championed by the TB movement, including the establishment of sanatoriums and open-air camps, prohibitions on public spitting and common cups, and requirements that local health officials be notified about TB cases. Our results suggest that these and ot...
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作者：Barr, Abigail; Dekker, Marleen; Janssens, Wendy; Kebede, Bereket; Kramer, Berber
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of East Anglia; University of East Anglia; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：Using a carefully designed series of public goods games, we compare, across monogamous and polygynous households, the willingness of husbands and wives to cooperate to maximize household gains. Compared to monogamous husbands and wives, polygynous husbands and wives are less cooperative, one with another, and co-wives are least cooperative, one with another. The husbands' and wives' behavior in a corresponding series of inter-household games indicates that these differences cannot be attribute...
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作者：Cabral, Marika; Mahoney, Neale
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Most health insurance uses cost-sharing to reduce excess utilization. Supplemental insurance can blunt the impact of this cost-sharing, increasing utilization and exerting a negative externality on the primary insurer. This paper estimates the effect of private Medigap supplemental insurance on public Medicare spending using Medigap premium discontinuities in local medical markets that span state boundaries. Using administrative data on the universe of Medicare beneficiaries, we estimate that ...
