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作者：Halla, Martin; Schmieder, Julia; Weber, Andrea
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Central European University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We study the effectiveness of intrahousehold insurance among married couples when the husband loses his job due to a mass layoff or plant closure. Empirical results based on Austrian administrative data show that husbands suffer persistent employment and earnings losses, while wives' labor supply increases moderately due to extensive margin responses. Wives' earnings gains recover only a tiny fraction of the household income loss, and in the short-term, public transfers and taxes are a more im...
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作者：Girardi, Daniele
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：This paper estimates the effect of partisan electoral victories on stock and bond markets. We employ a regression-discontinuity-based event study in a sample of 758 worldwide post-1945 national elections, using existing data on parliamentary elections and newly collected data on presidential elections. Left-wing electoral victories cause significant and substantial short-term decreases in stock market valuations, while the response of sovereign bond markets is mostly muted. Stock market effect...
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作者：Gagliarducci, Stefano; Onorato, Massimiliano Gaetano; Sobbrio, Francesco; Tabellini, Guido
作者单位：University of Rome Tor Vergata; University of Rome Tor Vergata; University of Bologna; Luiss Guido Carli University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We analyze the role of the media in coordinating and mobilizing insurgency against an authoritarian regime, in the context of the Nazi fascist occupation of Italy during WWII. We,study the effect of BBC radio on the intensity of internal resistance. By exploiting variations in monthly sunspot activity that affect the sky-wave propagation of BBC broadcasting toward Italy, we show that BBC radio had a strong impact on political violence. We provide further evidence to document that BBC radio pla...
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作者：Barrow, Lisa; Sartain, Lauren; de la Torre, Marisa
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：We investigate whether elite Chicago public high schools differentially benefit high-achieving students from more and less affluent neighborhoods. Chicago's place-based affirmative action policy allocates seats based on achievement and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). Using regression discontinuity design (RDD), we find that these schools do not raise test scores overall, but students are generally more positive about their high school experiences. For students from low-SES neighborhoo...
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作者：Banerjee, Abhijit; Duflo, Esther; Imbert, Clement; Mathew, Santhosh; Pande, Rohini
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Warwick; Harvard University
摘要：Can e-governance reforms improve government policy? By making information available on a real-time basis, information technologies may reduce the theft of public funds. We analyze a large field experiment and the nationwide scale-up of a reform to India's workfare program. Advance payments were replaced by just-in-time payments, triggered by e-invoicing, making it easier to detect misreporting. Leakages went down: program expenditures dropped by 24 percent, while employment slightly increased:...
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作者：Prager, Elena
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：This paper shows that consumers respond to prices for complex healthcare when they can easily assess out-of-pocket prices. Healthcare cost containment efforts increasingly incentivize price shopping despite a dearth of evidence that this steers consumers toward lower-priced care for major medical services. I show that consumers shift toward lower-priced hospitals in the highly simplified price information environment of insurance plans with tiered hospital networks. Consumers observe a single ...
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作者：del Valle, Alejandro; de Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Government provision of disaster transfers is typically hampered by liquidity constraints and by weak rules and administrative capacity to disburse reconstruction resources. We show that by easing these hurdles, Mexico's indexed disaster fund (Fonden) considerably accelerates economic recovery after a disaster. To estimate Fonden impact on recovery, as measured by night lights, we exploit the heavy rainfall index that determines program eligibility. We find that for one year after a disaster, ...
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作者：Ward, Zachary
作者单位：Baylor University
摘要：How persistent are economic gaps across ethnicities? The convergence of ethnic gaps through the third generation of immigrants is difficult to measure because few datasets include grandparental birthplace. I overcome this limitation with a new three-generational dataset that links immigrant grandfathers in 1880 to their grandsons in 1940. I find that the persistence of ethnic gaps in occupational income is 2.5 times stronger than predicted by a standard grandfather-grandson elasticity. While p...
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作者：Carey, Colleen M.; Miller, Sarah; Wherry, Laura R.
作者单位：Cornell University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; New York University
摘要：Some states have not adopted the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansions due to concerns that the expansions may impair access to care and utilization for those who are already insured. We investigate such negative spillovers using a large panel of Medicare beneficiaries. Across many subgroups and outcomes, we find no evidence that the expansions reduced utilization among Medicare beneficiaries and can rule out all but very small changes in utilization or spending. These results indicate...
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作者：Myers, Kyle
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This paper identifies the degree to which scientists are willing to change the direction of their work in exchange for resources. Data from the National Institutes of Health are used to estimate how scientists respond to targeted funding opportunities. Inducing a scientist to change their direction by a small amount - to work on marginally different topics - requires a substantial amount of funding in expectation. The switching costs of science are large. The productivity of grants is also est...
