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作者：Bloom, Nicholas; Mahajan, Aprajit; McKenzie, David; Roberts, John
作者单位：Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; The World Bank; Stanford University
摘要：We revisited Indian weaving firms nine years after a randomized experiment that changed their management practices. While about half of the practices adopted in the original experimental plants had been dropped, there was still a large and significant gap in practices between the treatment and control plants, suggesting lasting impacts of effective management interventions. Few practices had spread across the firms in the study, but many had spread within firms. Managerial turnover and the lac...
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作者：Boomhower, Judson; Davis, Lucas
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Most analyses of energy efficiency investments ignore that the value of electricity varies widely across hours. We show how much timing matters. Using novel hourly consumption data from an air conditioner rebate program in California, we find that energy savings are concentrated in high-value hours. This significantly increases the value of these investments, especially after we account for the large capacity payments that electricity generators receive to guarantee supply in peak hours. We th...
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作者：Arrow, Kenneth J.; Bilir, L. Kamran; Sorensen, Alan
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Do information differences across US physicians contribute to treatment disparities? This paper uses a unique new dataset to evaluate how changes in physician access to a-decision-relevant drug database affect prescribing decisions. Our results indicate doctors using the reference have a significantly greater propensity to prescribe generic drugs, are faster to begin prescribing new generics, and pre-scribe a more diverse set of products. These results are consistent with database users respon...
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作者：Adukia, Anjali; Asher, Sam; Novosad, Paul
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Johns Hopkins University; Dartmouth College
摘要：The rural poor in developing countries, once economically isolated, are increasingly being connected to outside markets. Whether these new connections crowd out or encourage educational investment is a central question. We examine the effects on educational choices of 115,000 new roads built under India's flagship road construction program. We find that children stay in school longer and perform better on standardized exams. Heterogeneity in treatment effects supports a standard human capital ...
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作者：Ganapati, Sharat; Shapiro, Joseph S.; Walker, Reed
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study how changes in energy input costs for US manufacturers affect the relative welfare of manufacturing producers and consumers (i.e., incidence). We also develop a methodology to estimate the incidence of input taxes that accounts for incomplete pass-through, imperfect competition, and substitution among inputs. For the several industries we study, 70 percent of energy price-driven changes in input costs get passed through to consumers in the short to medium run. The share of the welfare...
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作者：Halla, Martin; Schmieder, Julia; Weber, Andrea
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Central European University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We study the effectiveness of intrahousehold insurance among married couples when the husband loses his job due to a mass layoff or plant closure. Empirical results based on Austrian administrative data show that husbands suffer persistent employment and earnings losses, while wives' labor supply increases moderately due to extensive margin responses. Wives' earnings gains recover only a tiny fraction of the household income loss, and in the short-term, public transfers and taxes are a more im...
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作者：Goodman, Sarena; Isen, Adam
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; United States Department of the Treasury
摘要：We examine whether the considerable shock generated by the Vietnam draft lottery affected the next generation's labor market. Using the universe of US federal tax returns, we link fathers from draft cohorts to their sons' adult outcomes and find that sons of fathers randomly called by the draft have lower earnings and are more likely to volunteer for military service. Our results demonstrate that malleable aspects of a parent's life course can influence children's labor market outcomes and pro...
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作者：Gagliarducci, Stefano; Manacorda, Marco
作者单位：University of Rome Tor Vergata; University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：This paper studies the effect of family connections to politicians on individuals' labor market outcomes. Using data for Italy spanning more than three decades on a sample of almost one million individuals plus data on the universe of individuals holding political office, we show that politicians extract significant rents, in terms of private sector jobs, for their family members. We present evidence consistent with the hypothesis that this phenomenon is a form of corruption, i.e., a quid pro ...
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作者：Atalay, Enghin; Phongthiengtham, Phai; Sotelo, Sebastian; Tannenbaum, Daniel
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
摘要：Using the text from job ads, we introduce a new' dataset to describe the evolution of work from 1950 to 2000. We show that the transformation of the US labor market away from routine cognitive and manual tasks and toward nonroutine interactive and analytic tasks has been larger than prior research has found, with a substantial fraction of total changes occurring within narrowly defined job titles. We provide narrative and systematic evidence on changes in task content within job titles and on ...
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作者：Jack, TKelsey; Smith, Grant
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Cape Town
摘要：Monthly bills for services such as electricity often go unpaid in developing countries. Prepaid meters offer a potential technological solution. In Cape Town, South Africa, over 4,000 residential customers on monthly billing were switched to prepaid metering, with random variation in the timing of the switch. In response, electricity use falls by 14 percent, driven at least in part by an increase in marginal price sensitivity. The decrease in revenue to the municipal electric utility is more t...
