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作者：Gonzalez, Robert M.
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：This paper examines the impact of cell phone access on election fraud. I combine cell phone coverage maps with the location of polling centers during the 2009 Afghan presidential election to pinpoint which centers were exposed to coverage. Results from a spatial regression discontinuity design along the two-dimensional coverage boundary suggest that coverage deters corrupt behavior. Polling centers just inside coverage report a drop in the share of fraudulent votes of 4 percentage points, whil...
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作者：Hausman, Naomi; Lavetti, Kurt
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：We study the relationship between physician organizational structures and prices negotiated with private insurers. Using variation caused by state-level judicial law changes, we show that a 10 percent increase in the enforceability of noncompete agreements (NCAs) causes 4.3 percent higher physician prices, and declines in practice sizes and concentration. Using two databases containing every physician establishment and firm between 1996 and 2007, linked to negotiated prices, we show that large...
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作者：Fadlon, Itzik; Nielsen, Torben Heien
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Copenhagen
摘要：We provide new evidence on households' labor supply responses to fatal and severe nonfatal health shocks in the short run and medium run. To identify causal effects, we leverage administrative data on Danish families and construct counterfactuals using households that experience the same event a few years apart. Fatal events lead to considerable increases in surviving spouses' labor supply, which the evidence suggests is driven by families who experience significant income losses. Nonfatal sho...
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作者：Gao, Pei; Lei, Yu-Hsiang
作者单位：New York University; NYU Shanghai; Yale NUS College
摘要：This paper exploits a unique historical setting-the expansion of the telegraph network in nineteenth-century China when railroads were limited-to examine whether the reduction of information frictions stabilizes grain prices. Employing a difference-in-difference (DID) strategy, we find that the telegraph access (i) reduced both the magnitude and the incidence of extreme prices; (ii) mitigated price responses to local weather shocks but increased the responsiveness to shocks in other telegraph-...
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作者：Huang, Wei; Zhang, Chuanchuan
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Emory University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Zhejiang University; Central University of Finance & Economics
摘要：This paper utilizes the county-by-county rollout of China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) and finds that, among age-eligible people, the pension scheme leads to higher household income and food expenditure, less farmwork, better health, and lower mortality. In addition, the NRPS shifts age-ineligible adults from farmwork to nonfarmwork but does not significantly affect their income, expenditure, or health. No significant evidence shows that the NRPS affects private transfers or health behavi...
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作者：Aghion, Philippe; Bloom, Nicholas; Lucking, Brian; Sadun, Raffaella; Van Reenen, John
作者单位：Universite PSL; College de France; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：What is the optimal form of firm organization during bad times? The greater turbulence following macro shocks may benefit decentralized firms because the value of local information increases (the localist view). On the other hand, the need to make tough decisions may favor centralized firms (the centralist view). Using two large micro datasets on decentralization in firms in ten OECD countries (WMS) and US establishments (MOPS administrative data), we find that firms that delegated more power ...
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作者：Xiong, Heyu
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
摘要：This paper studies the electoral consequences of television stardom through the career of Ronald Reagan. I utilize quasi-experimental variation in television reception to estimate the causal effect of celebrity exposure on political support. I find that Reagan's tenure as the host of a 1950s entertainment television program translated into support for his candidacy, in terms of votes and political donations, nearly two decades after the show's first airing. Placebo checks suggest that this imp...
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作者：You, Wei
作者单位：Peking University
摘要：Small firms dominated the American economy in the nineteenth century, and they still dominate in many developing economies today. This paper tests whether geographic market segmentation due to underdeveloped intracity transportation technology precludes the emergence of large retail/wholesale stores. I exploit the natural experiment of Boston's rapid electrification from its previous horse-drawn streetcar system, which occurred between 1889 and 1896. Analyzing newly digitized data, I find that...
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作者：Zinovyeva, Natalia; Tverdostup, Maryna
作者单位：University of Warwick; Aalto University; University of Innsbruck; University of Tartu
摘要：Bertrand, Kamenica, and Pan (2015) document that in the United States there is a discontinuity to the right of 0.5 in the distribution of households according to the female share of total earnings, which they attribute to the existence of a gender identity norm. We provide an alternative explanation for this discontinuity. Using linked employer-employee data from Finland, we show that the discontinuity emerges as a result of equalization and convergence of earnings in coworking couples, and it...
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作者：Keller, Wolfgang; Shiue, Carol H.; Wang, Xin
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Peking University
摘要：Based on comprehensive grain price data, we employ a storage model to estimate consistent interest rates and compare capital market development between Britain and China. Interest rates for Britain were lower than China's on average by about 3 percentage points from 1770 to 1860. For country pairs with bilateral distance less than 200 kilometers, the regional capital market integration in the Yangzi Delta in China comes close to the British average; but at larger distances, spatial interest ra...
