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作者：Szerman, C. H. R. I. S. T. I. A. N. E.
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：This paper studies an anticorruption policy-corporate debarment, or blacklisting-to understand how disclosing illicit corporate practices and the sanctions for these practices affect firm and worker outcomes. Exploiting a policy change in Brazil that imposed stricter penalties for corrupt firms, I find that debarment is associated with a sizable decline in employment and an increase in the probability of exiting the formal sector. I also document that workers' annual earnings fall after debarm...
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作者：Black, Sandra E.; Denning, Jeffrey T.; Rothstein, Jesse
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Brigham Young University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use the introduction of the Texas Top Ten Percent rule to esti-mate the effect of access to a selective college on graduation and earnings outcomes for two groups of students. For highly ranked students at more disadvantaged high schools, who gained access under the policy, college enrollment and graduation increased. Less highly ranked students at more advantaged schools, who tended to lose access, shifted toward less-selective colleges under the pol-icy, but did not see declines in overal...
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作者：Granzier, Riako; Pons, Vincent; Tricaud, Clemence
作者单位：Uber Technologies, Inc.; Harvard University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Candidates' placements in polls and past elections can be powerful coordination devices for parties and voters. Using a regression discontinuity design in French two-round elections, we show that candidates who place first in the first round are more likely to stay in the race and win than those who placed second. These effects are even larger for ranking second versus third, and also present for third versus fourth. They stem from allied parties agreeing on which candidate should drop out, vo...
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作者：Hardy, Morgan; Mccasland, Jamie
作者单位：University of British Columbia; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi
摘要：We report the results of a field experiment that randomly placed unemployed young people as apprentices with small firms in Ghana and included no cash subsidy to firms (or workers) beyond in-kind recruitment services. Treated firms experienced increases in firm size of approximately half a worker and firm profits of approximately 10 percent for each apprentice placement offered, documenting frictions to novice hiring. We interpret the program as providing a novel worker screening technology to...
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作者：San, Shmuel
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This paper studies the impact of labor supply on the creation of new technology, exploiting a large exogenous shock to the US agricultural labor supply caused by the termination of the Bracero agreements between the US and Mexico at the end of 1964. Using a text-search algorithm allocating patents to crops, I show a negative labor-supply shock induced a sharp increase in innovation in technologies related to more affected crops. The effect is stronger for technology related to labor-intensive ...
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作者：Baseler, Travis
作者单位：University of Rochester
摘要：In many developing economies, urban workers earn substantially more than rural workers with the same level of education. Why don't more rural workers migrate to cities? I use two field experiments in Kenya to show that low migration is partly due to underestimation of urban incomes, which is sustained by income hiding by migrants. Parents at the origin underestimate their migrant children's incomes by nearly half, and underestimation is greater when a migrant's remittance obligations are high....
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作者：Ginja, Rita; Karimi, Arizo; Xiao, Pengpeng
作者单位：University of Bergen; Uppsala University; Duke University
摘要：Search frictions make worker turnover costly to firms. A three-month parental leave expansion in Sweden provides exogenous variation that we use to quantify firms' adjustment costs upon worker absence. The reform increased women's leave duration and likelihood of separating from pre-birth employers. Firms with greater exposure to the reform hired additional workers and increased coworkers to make it coworkers' hours, incurring wage costs corresponding to 10 full-time equivalent months in addit...
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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Kamenica, Emir
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：We analyze trends in cultural distances between groups in the United States defined by income, education, gender, race, and political ide-ology. We measure cultural distance as the ability to infer an indi-vidual's group based on media diet, consumer behavior, time use, social attitudes, or newborn's name. Gender difference in time-use decreased between 1965 and 1995 and has remained constant since. Differences in social attitudes by political ideology, and somewhat by income, have increased o...
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作者：Zivin, Joshua Graff; Neidell, Matthew; Sanders, Nicholas J.; Singer, Gregor
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Columbia University; Cornell University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Influenza and air pollution each pose significant health risks with global economic consequences. Their shared etiological pathways present a case of compounding health risk via interacting externali-ties. Using instrumental variables based on changing wind direction, we show that increased levels of contemporaneous pollution increase influenza hospitalizations. We exploit random variation in effective-ness of the influenza vaccine as an additional instrument to show that vaccine protection ne...
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作者：Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Stockholm University; Linnaeus University
摘要：We study how high school majors affect adult earnings using a regression discontinuity design. In Sweden students are admitted to majors in tenth grade based on their preference rankings and ninth grade GPA. We find engineering, natural science, and business majors yield higher earnings than social science and humanities, with major-specific returns also varying based on next-best alter-natives. There is either a zero or a negative return to completing an academic program for students with a s...
