2期

最新文章

• The Effects of Roads on Trade and Migration: Evidence from a Planned Capital City AI翻译
  作者：Morten, Melanie; Oliveira, Jaqueline
  作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：A large body of literature studies how infrastructure facilitates trade. We ask whether infrastructure also facilitates migration. Using a general equilibrium trade model and rich spatial data, we study the impact of a large, plausibly exogenous shock to highways in Brazil on both goods and labor markets. We find the highway system increased welfare by 2.8 percent, of which 76 percent was due to reduced trade costs and 24 percent to reduced migration costs. An implication of costly migration i...
• What's Behind Her Smile? Health, Looks, and Self-Esteems AI翻译
  作者：Gallego, Francisco A.; Philippi, Cristian Larroulet; Repetto, Andrea
  作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University of Cambridge; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
  摘要：This paper examines how improving dental health affects economic, social, and psychological outcomes. In a randomized experiment, we provide a low-income group free dental care, including prostheses, and find significant and persistent impacts on men's and women's dental and self -perceived mental health. For women, treatment generates improvement in self-esteem, a higher likelihood of smiling when photographed, short -run improvements in employment and earnings, and improvement in partner int...
• The Short- and the Long-Run Impact of Gender-Biased Teachers AI翻译
  作者：Lavy, Victor; Megalokonomou, Rigissa
  作者单位：University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Queensland; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
  摘要：We examine the persistence of teachers' gender biases by following teachers over time in different classes. We find a very high correlation of gender biases for teachers across their classes. We find a substantial impact of gender bias on student performance in university admissions exams , choice of university field of study , and quality of the enrolled program. The effects on university choice outcomes are larger for girls , explaining some gender differences in STEM majors. Teachers with l...
• The Impact of Cash Transfers to Poor Mothers on Family Structure and Maternal Well-Being AI翻译
  作者：Aizer, Anna; Cho, Sungwoo; Eli, Shari; Lleras-muney, Adriana
  作者单位：Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Toronto
  摘要：We use newly collected data for 16,000 women who applied for Mothers' Pensions , America's first welfare program , to investigate the effect of means -tested cash transfers on lifetime family structure and maternal well-being. In the short term , cash transfers delayed marriage and lowered geographic mobility. In the long run , transfers had no impact on the probability of remarriage , spouse quality , or fertility. Cash transfers did not affect women's well-being , measured by longevity and f...
• Improving Women's Mental Health during a Pandemict AI翻译
  作者：Vlassopoulos, Michael; Siddique, Abu; Rahman, Tabassum; Pakrashi, Debayan; Islam, Asad; Ahmed, Firoz
  作者单位：University of Southampton; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; University of Melbourne; Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Kanpur; Monash University; Technical University of Munich; Khulna University
  摘要：This paper evaluates a randomized, over-the-phone counseling intervention aimed at mitigating the mental health impact of COVID - 19 on a sample of 2,402 women across 357 villages in Bangladesh. We find that the provision of two hours of mental support plus information on COVID-19 improves mental health ten months postintervention , leading to reductions of 20 percent in the prevalence of moderate and severe stress and 33 percent in depression. Our results suggest that this type of low-cost in...
• Does Promoting One Healthy Behavior Detract from Others? Evidence from a Field Experiment AI翻译
  作者：Trachtman, Hannah
  作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  摘要：Impact evaluations of behavioral interventions typically focus on target outcomes. Might interventions induce negative spillovers on other behaviors? I run a large field experiment in which individuals receive combinations of messages and incentives promoting two healthy behaviors , meditation and meal logging. I find that the interventions reduce completion rates of the opposite behavior by 19 - 29 percent. I find that interventions with larger target effects do not necessarily generate large...