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作者：Banerjee, Abhijit; Chattopadhyay, Raghabendra; Duflo, Esther; Keniston, Daniel; Singh, Nina
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Calcutta; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University
摘要：Management matters for firms, but what practices are optimal in hierarchical government organizations? And can skilled managers identify them? A large-scale randomized trial conducted with the police of Rajasthan, India, tested four interventions recommended by senior police officers: limitations of transfers, rotation of duties and days off, increased community involvement, and on-duty training. Field experience motivated a fifth intervention: decoy visits by enumerators to register cases, in...
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作者：Chan, David C.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I study team decisions among physician trainees. Exploiting a discontinuity in team roles across trainee tenure, I find evidence that teams alter decision-making, concentrating influence in the hands of senior trainees. I also demonstrate little convergence in variation of trainee effects despite intensive training. This general pattern of trainee effects on team decision-making exists in all types of decisions and settings that I examine. In analyses evaluating mechanisms behind this pattern,...
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作者：Aragon, Fernando M.; Oteiza, Francisco; Rud, Juan Pablo
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; University of London; Royal Holloway University London
摘要：This paper examines how subsistence farmers respond to extreme heat. Using microdata from Peruvian households, we find that high temperatures reduce agricultural productivity, increase area planted, and change crop mix. These findings are consistent with farmers using input adjustments as a short-term mechanism to attenuate the effect of extreme heat on output. This response seems to complement other coping strategies, such as selling livestock, but exacerbates the drop in yields, a standard m...
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作者：Kueng, Lorenz; Yakovlev, Evgeny
作者单位：Universita della Svizzera Italiana; New Economic School
摘要：We study the long-run effects of Russia's anti-alcohol campaign, which dramatically altered the relative supply of hard and light alcohol in the late 1980s. We find that this policy shifted young men's long-run preferences from hard to light alcohol decades later, and we estimate the age at which consumers form their tastes. We show that the large beer market expansion in the late 1990s had similar effects on young consumers' tastes, while older consumers' tastes remained largely unchanged. We...
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作者：Butikofer, Aline; Riise, Julie; Skira, Meghan M.
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bergen; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：We examine the impact of the introduction of paid maternity leave in Norway in 1977 on maternal health in the medium and long term. Using administrative data combined with survey data on the health of women around age 40, we find the reform improved a range of maternal health outcomes, including BMI, blood pressure, pain, and mental health. The reform also increased health-promoting behaviors, such as exercise and not smoking. The effects were larger for first-time and low-resource mothers and...
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作者：Reynaert, Mathias; Sallee, James M.
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Firms sometimes comply with externality-correcting policies by gaming the measure that determines policy. This harms buyers by eroding information, but it benefits them when cost savings are passed through into prices. We develop a model that highlights this tension and use it to analyze gaming of automobile carbon emission ratings in the EU. We document startling increases in gaming using novel data. We then analyze the effects of gaming in calibrated simulations. Over a wide range of paramet...
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作者：Fan, Yi; Yi, Junjian; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; Zhejiang University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper documents an increasing intergenerational income persistence in China since economic reforms were introduced in 1979. The intergenerational income elasticity increases from 0.390 for the 1970-1980 birth cohort to 0.442 for the 1981-1988 birth cohort; this increase is more evident among urban and coastal residents than rural and inland residents. We also explore how changes in intergenerational income persistence is correlated with market reforms, economic development, and policy cha...
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作者：Drupp, Moritz A.; Haensel, Martin C.
作者单位：University of Hamburg; Potsdam Institut fur Klimafolgenforschung
摘要：Climate change not only impacts production and market consumption but also the relative scarcity of nonmarket goods, such as environmental amenities. We study fundamental drivers of the resulting relative price changes, their potential magnitude, and their implications for climate policy in Nordhaus's Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy (DICE) model, thereby addressing one of its key criticisms. We propose plausible ranges for these relative prices changes based on best available evidence. Our ...
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作者：Lochner, Lance; Stinebrickner, Todd; Suleymanoglu, Utku
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：Using unique survey and administrative data from Canada, we document that parental support and personal savings substantially reduce student loan repayment problems. Developing a model of student borrowing and repayment, we show that-nonmonetary costs of applying for-income-based repayment assistance are critical to understanding our findings. Furthermore, we show that eliminating these costs may be inefficient. Empirically, we show that expanding Canada's Repayment Assistance Plan to automati...
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作者：Cohodes, Sarah R.; Setren, Elizabeth M.; Walters, Christopher R.
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University Teachers College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tufts University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Can schools that boost student outcomes reproduce their success at new campuses? We study a policy reform that allowed effective charter schools in Boston, Massachusetts to replicate their school models at new locations. Estimates based on randomized admission lotteries show that replication charter schools generate large achievement gains on par with those produced by their parent campuses. The average effectiveness of Boston's charter middle school sector increased after the reform despite a...
