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作者：Rivera, Roman
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：Increasing underrepresented groups' representation in police departments is a common proposal to reduce aggressive policing. This paper documents the effects of peer composition in the Chicago police academy on officers' future arrests by exploiting the lottery system, which provides exogenous variation in cohort composition. I find that higher shares of peers from groups that police less aggressively, such as female and older officers, reduce all officers' future low-level arrests. Peer race ...
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作者：Persson, Petra; Qiu, Xinyao; Rossin-Slater, Maya
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Stanford University; Stanford University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：The health care system uses patient family medical history in many settings, and this practice is widely believed to improve the efficiency of health care allocation. This paper provides a counterpoint by documenting that reliance on hereditary information can amplify the misallocation of low-value care. We study Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and show that reliance on family medical history generates a snowball effect-the propagation of an original marginal diagnosis to a patient's ...
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作者：Bjorvatn, Kjetil; Ferris, Denise; Gulesci, Selim; Nasgowitz, Arne; Somville, Vincent; Vandewalle, Lore
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Trinity College Dublin; KU Leuven
摘要：We randomly offered a childcare subsidy, an equivalent cash grant, or both to mothers of three-to-five-year-old children. The childcare subsidy substantially increased the labor supply and earnings of single mothers, highlighting the importance of time constraints for them. Among couples, childcare did not affect mothers' labor market outcomes but instead increased fathers' salaried employment. At the household level, childcare led to higher income and consumption and improved child developmen...
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作者：Leone, Fabrizio; Macchiavello, Rocco; Reed, Tristan
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; The World Bank
摘要：Prices for several intermediate inputs, including cement, are higher in developing economies-particularly in Africa. Combining recent data from the International Comparison Program with a global directory of cement firms, we estimate an industry equilibrium model to distinguish between drivers of international price dispersion: demand, costs, conduct, and entry. Developing economies feature both higher marginal costs and higher markups. African markets are not characterized by less competitive...
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作者：Ahmed, Akhter; Hidrobo, Melissa; Hoddinott, John; Kolt, Bastien; Roy, Shalini; Tauseef, Salauddin
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Cornell University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：Social assistance programs can increase consumption and reduce poverty, but less is known about whether these impacts are sustained after programs end or how design and context influence sustainability. Using data collected in two regions of Bangladesh four years after a randomized intervention ended, we find that combining cash transfers with complementary programming led to sustained increases in consumption and reductions in poverty. Combining food transfers with complementary programming s...
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作者：Boelmann, Barbara; Raute, Anna; Schonberg, Uta
作者单位：University of Cologne; Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of London; Queen Mary University London; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Hong Kong; University of London; University College London
摘要：We investigate the role of cultural norms in shaping women's labor supply decisions after childbirth. Specifically, we are interested in the interplay between childhood socialization and adulthood environment. To that end, we leverage the setting of the German reunification when East Germany's gender-egalitarian culture induced by socialism and West Germany's more traditional culture were brought together. We find that East German gender norms are persistent, whereas West German ones are not. ...
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作者：Khanna, Gaurav; Liang, Wenquan; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq; Song, Ran
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Tongji University; Jinan University; Deakin University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National University of Singapore
摘要：We quantify how pollution affects aggregate productivity and welfare in spatial equilibrium. We show that skilled workers in China emigrate away from polluted cities. These patterns are evident under various empirical specifications, such as when instrumenting for pollution using upwind power plants, or thermal inversions. Pollution changes the spatial distribution of skilled and unskilled workers, and wage returns by location. We quantify the loss in aggregate productivity due to this re-sort...
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作者：Renee, Laetitia
作者单位：Universite de Montreal
摘要：This paper studies the effects of a randomized control trial in which Canadian high school students were randomly invited to participate in a career guidance program during high school and/or made eligible for extra financial aid conditional on college enrollment. I use administrative records to examine the effects of the interventions on college enrollment, graduation, and income up to age 29. The guidance intervention increased students' four-year college enrollment and graduation rates and ...
