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作者：Kumar, Anil; Liang, Che-Yuan
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas; University of Iowa; Uppsala University
摘要：We exploit the 1997 and 2003 constitutional amendments in Texas- allowing home equity loans and lines of credit for nonhousing purposes-as natural experiments to estimate the effect of easier credit access on the labor market. Using state-level as well as micro data, we find that easier access to housing credit led to a notably lower labor force participation rate between 1997 and 2007. Our findings are remarkably robust to improved synthetic control methods based on insights from machine lear...
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作者：Koppensteiner, Martin foureaux; Matheson, Jesse; Plugor, Raka
作者单位：University of Surrey; University of Sheffield; University of Leicester
摘要：We conducted a randomized controlled trial of an intervention designed to assist victims of domestic violence in accessing nonpolice support services. The intervention led to a 22 percent decrease in the fraction of victims providing a witness statement to police. Witness statements are an important piece of evidence and a key input in the prosecution of perpetrators. Despite this, we do not find a significant change in perpetrator arrests and convictions or in reported future violence. Survey...
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作者：Brough, Rebecca; Phillips, David C.; Turner, Patrick S.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Notre Dame
摘要：Over 18 million adults in the United States lack a high school credential. While some go on to attain the GED, diplomas are potentially more valuable. A network of high schools helps adults graduate by providing tailored curricula, nonacademic coaching, onsite child care, and transportation. After five years, earnings increase by 38 percent more for graduates than nonenrolling applicants. We address selection by conditioning on preapplication earnings and comparing to students who exit after p...
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作者：Ge, Qi; Wu, Stephen
作者单位：Vassar College; Hamilton College
摘要：We test for labor market discrimination based on an understudied characteristic: name fluency. Analysis of recent economics PhD job candidates indicates that name difficulty is negatively related to the probability of landing an academic or tenure-track position and research productivity of initial institutional placement. Discrimination due to name fluency is also found using experimental data from prior audit studies. Within samples of African Americans (Bertrand and Mullainathan 2004) and e...
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作者：Goldberg, Samuel G.; Johnson, Garrett A.; Shriver, Scott K.
作者单位：Stanford University; Boston University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Modern websites rely on personal data to design better content and to market themselves. The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was intended to make access to such personal data more difficult, with the goal of protecting user privacy. We examine the GDPR's impact on website page views and revenue for 1,084 online firms using data from Adobe's website analytics platform. We find a reduction of 12 percent in both EU user website page views and website revenue recorded by...
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作者：Cao, Shengmao; Yi, Lisa Xuejie; Yu, Chuan
作者单位：Northwestern University; Stanford University
摘要：We study the equilibrium effects of introducing competitive bidding in drug procurement. In 2019, , China introduced a competitive bidding program where drug companies bid for a prespecified procurement quantity in nine provinces. Using a difference-in-differences design, , we show the program reduced average drug prices by 47.4 percent. Generic drugs won most bids and cut prices by 75.0 percent. We develop an equilibrium model to quantify the trade-off between lower prices and potential choic...
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作者：Bjorkegren, Evelina; Svaleryd, Helena; Vlachos, Jonas
作者单位：Stockholm University; Uppsala University
摘要：When COVID- 19 reached Sweden, upper- secondary students ( ages 17-19) transitioned to remote instruction, while lower- secondary schools ( ages 14-16) remained open. We use this setting as a natural experiment to analyze how modes of instruction affect student mental health. We find a 4.4 percent decrease in mental health care use from remote instruction, primarily due to fewer diagnoses and prescriptions for depression and anxiety. The reduction persists throughout the study period; 21 month...
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作者：Aghion, Philippe; Bergeaud, Antonin; Lequien, Matthieu; Melitz, Marc J.; Zuber, Thomas
作者单位：Universite PSL; College de France; INSEAD Business School; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research; European Central Bank; Bank of France
摘要：We decompose the China shock into two components that induce different adjustments for firms exposed to Chinese exports: an output shock affecting firms selling goods that compete with similar imported Chinese goods, and an input supply shock affecting firms using inputs similar to the imported Chinese goods. Combining French accounting, customs, and patent information at the firm level, we show that the output shock is detrimental to firms' sales, employment, and innovation. Moreover, this ne...
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作者：Cage, Julia; Le Pennec, Caroline; Mougin, Elisa
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON)
摘要：We study France's 1995 ban on firm donations to politicians. We use a difference-in-differences approach and a novel dataset combining the campaign manifestos issued by candidates running in French parliamentary elections with data on their campaign contributions. We show that banning firm donations discourages candidates from advertising their local presence during the campaign, as well as economic issues. The ban also leads candidates from nonmainstream parties to use more extreme language. ...
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作者：Burbano, Vanessa; Padilla, Nicolas; Meier, Stephan
作者单位：Columbia University; University of London; London Business School
摘要：Scholars have examined whether preferences for job characteristics help explain why men and women sort into different occupations but have overlooked preferences for meaning at work. We first document gender differences in preferences for meaning in a large-scale survey covering individuals in 47 countries. We then conduct a choice-based conjoint analysis of a cohort of MBA students at a leading business school to study gender differences in preferences for meaning compared to other job attrib...
