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作者：Farmer, Roger E. A.; Lahiri, Amartya
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：The open-economy Solow-Swan growth model predicts (1) that growth should be uncorrelated with the ratio of national investment to GDP and (2) instantaneous convergence of GDP per capita across countries. In the presence of capital market imperfections convergence is predicted to occur more slowly. But savings and investment ratios should still differ substantially across countries. In the data, investment ratios are strongly correlated with growth across countries and investment ratios are clo...
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作者：Park, Albert
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：A dynamic model is presented of a household's joint production, storage, and trade decisions when facing transaction costs and risk in prices and yields. Grain management decisions balance the goals of maximising profits and reducing consumption price risk. Model solutions calibrated to Chinese data show that grain's consumption role makes it an attractive form of precautionary saving even when households have access to credit, the joint nature of production and savings decisions limits the in...
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作者：Guth, Werner; Napel, Stefan
作者单位：University of Hamburg; Max Planck Society
摘要：The indirect evolutionary approach integrates forward-looking evaluation of opportunities and adaptation in the light of the past. Subjective motivation determines behaviour, but long-run evolutionary success of motivational types depends on objective factors only. This can justify intrinsic aversion to inequality in reward allocation games. Whereas earlier analysis was restricted to specific games, this article considers a more complex environment comprising different games which - studied in...
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作者：Selod, Harris; Zenou, Yves
作者单位：University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
摘要：We consider a search-matching model in which black workers are discriminated against and the job arrival rates of all workers depend on social networks as well as distance to jobs. Location choices are mainly driven by racial preferences. There are multiple equilibria and we show that all workers are in general better off in the equilibrium where blacks are close to jobs. We also show that, in cities where black workers reside far away from jobs, the optimal policy is to impose higher quotas o...
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作者：Munch, Jakob Roland; Rosholm, Michael; Svarer, Michael
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Aarhus University
摘要：This article investigates the effects of homeownership on labour mobility and unemployment duration. We distinguish between finding employment locally or being geographically mobile. We find that homeownership hampers the propensity to move for job reasons, but improves the chances of finding local jobs, which is in accordance with the predictions from our theoretical model. The overall hazard rate into employment is higher for homeowners, such that there is a negative correlation between home...
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作者：Ravallion, Martin; de Walle, Dominique van
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Liberalising key factor markets is a crucial step in the transition from a socialist control-economy to a market economy. However, the process can be stalled by imperfect information, high transaction costs and covert resistance from entrenched interests. The article studies agricultural land reallocation in the wake of Vietnam's efforts to establish a free market in land- use rights following de-collectivisation. Inefficiencies in the initial administrative allocation are measured against an ...
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作者：Kessler, Anke S.; Lulfesmann, Christoph
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Human capital theory distinguishes between training in general-usage and firm-specific skills. Becker (1964) argues that employers will only invest in specific training, not general training, when labour markets are competitive. The article reconsiders Becker's theory. Using essentially his framework, we show that there exists an incentive complementarity between employer-sponsored general and specific training: the possibility to provide specific training leads the employer to invest in gener...
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作者：Bandiera, Oriana; Rasul, Imran
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Chicago
摘要：We present evidence on how farmers' decisions to adopt a new crop relate to the adoption choices of their network of family and friends. We find the relationship to be inverse-U shaped, suggesting social effects are positive when there are few adopters in the network, and negative when there are many. We also find the adoption decisions of farmers who have better information about the new crop are less sensitive to the adoption choices of others. Finally, we find that adoption decisions are mo...
