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作者：Mengel, Friederike
作者单位：University of Essex; Lund University
摘要：This article reports the results of a meta-study of 96 prisoner's dilemma studies comprising more than 3,500 participants. I disentangle the role of 'risk' (to co-operate unilaterally) and 'temptation' (to defect against a co-operator) and find that: (i) an index of risk best explains the variation in cooperation rates across one-shot games, while (ii) an index of temptation best explains the variation in finitely repeated games. Risk and temptation indices also affect gender comparisons. Wome...
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作者：Michalopoulos, Stelios; Naghavi, Alireza; Prarolo, Giovanni
作者单位：Brown University; University of Bologna
摘要：This study explores the historical determinants of the spread of Islam. Motivated by a plethora of historical accounts stressing the role of trade for the adoption of Islam, we construct detailed data on pre-Islamic trade routes to determine this empirical regularity. Our analysis establishes that proximity to the pre-600 CE trade network is a robust predictor of today's Muslim adherence across countries and ethnic groups in the Old World. We also show that Islam spread successfully in regions...
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作者：Ashournia, Damoun
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：I build and estimate a dynamic structural model of sectoral choices with heterogeneous workers accumulating imperfectly transferable human capital. Utility costs provide an additional barrier to mobility. Estimated by simulated minimum distance on administrative data covering the population of Danish workers, costs are found to be in the range from 10% to 19% of average annual wages. Removing permanent unobserved heterogeneity increases the utility costs by an order of magnitude. I show that b...
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作者：Qureshi, Javaeria A.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：This article estimates the effect of the oldest sister's education on child human capital development. In many developing countries, the oldest sisters share significant childcare responsibilities in the household and can influence younger siblings' learning. I propose a model that predicts competing effects of increasing the oldest sister's schooling on younger sibling human capital. Using an identification strategy that exploits the gender segregation of schools in Pakistan, I find that the ...
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作者：Castello-Climent, Amparo; Chaudhary, Latika; Mukhopadhyay, Abhiroop
作者单位：University of Valencia; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; Indian Statistical Institute
摘要：This article estimates the impact of completed higher education on economic prosperity across Indian districts. To address the endogeneity of higher education, we use the location of Catholic missionaries circa 1911 as an instrument. Catholics constitute a very small share of the population in India and their influence beyond higher education has been limited. Our instrumental variable results find a positive effect of higher education on development, as measured by light density. The results ...
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作者：Edwards, Griffin; Nesson, Erik; Robinson, Joshua J.; Vars, Fredrick
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham; Ball State University
摘要：We exploit within-state variation across time in both the existence and length of statutory delays both explicit wait periods and delays created by licensing requirements - between the purchase and delivery of a firearm to examine the effect of purchase delays on homicides and suicides. We find that the existence of a purchase delay reduces firearm-related suicides by between 2% and 5% with no statistically significant increase in non-firearm suicides. Purchase delays are not associated with s...
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作者：Gathmann, Christina; Keller, Nicolas
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Immigrants often have lower employment rates and earnings than natives. Our empirical analysis relies on two reforms generating exogenous variation in the waiting time for citizenship. We find that faster access to citizenship improves the economic situation of immigrant women, especially their labour market attachment with higher employment rates, longer working hours and more stable jobs. Immigrants also invest more in host country-specific skills like language and vocational training. Faste...
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作者：Agrawal, David R.; Hoyt, William H.
作者单位：University of Kentucky
摘要：We examine the effect of interstate differences in income taxes on commuting times. Our theoretical model introduces a border into a model of an urban area and shows that differences in average tax rates distort commuting patterns, but the sign of the effect depends on whether taxes are residence-based or employment-based. Empirically, tax differentials have a large effect on commuting times for affluent households and mobile households. We show that commuting times are a sufficient statistic ...
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作者：Ferraro, Domenico; Peretto, Pietro F.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Duke University
摘要：In this article, we propose an endogenous growth model of commodity-rich economies in which: (i) long-run (steady-state) growth is endogenous and yet independent of commodity prices; (ii) commodity prices affect short-run growth through transitional dynamics; and (iii) the status of net commodity importer/exporter is endogenous. We argue that these predictions are consistent with historical evidence from the 19th to the 21st century.
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作者：Durrmeyer, Isis; Samano, Mario
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal
摘要：We compare the welfare effects in equilibrium of two environmental regulations that aim at increasing the new cars fleet's average fuel efficiency: the fuel economy standards and the feebate policies. Maintaining the same environmental benefit and tax revenue, we simulate each policy in France and the US. Standard-type policies have larger negative welfare effects, up to 1.7 times those from the feebate. Effects on manufacturers are heterogeneous: some are better off under the feebate. A marke...
