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作者：Leblebicioglu, Asli; Weinberger, Ariel
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY); George Washington University
摘要：We investigate the role of credit markets as a cause for changes in the US labour share. Causal evidence is provided that the labour share declined between 0.8 and 1.2 percentage points following the interstate banking deregulation, explaining more than half of the overall reduction during that period. The lower costs of credit and greater bank competition in each state are mechanisms that led to the decline. To quantify the relationship between credit and factor payments, we calibrate a model...
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作者：Anderson, James E.; Larch, Mario; Yotov, Yoto, V
作者单位：Boston College; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Bayreuth; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Nottingham; Drexel University
摘要：We build and estimate a structural model of transitional growth and trade in a many-country world. The gravity model of trade is combined with a capital accumulation mechanism driving transition between steady states. Trade affects growth through changes in consumer and producer prices. Simultaneously, capital accumulation affects trade directly through changes in country size and indirectly through changes in the incidence of trade costs. Theory maps to an econometric system that identifies t...
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作者：Herresthal, Claudia
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：I study students' inferences about school quality from performance-based rankings in a dynamic setting. Schools differ in location and unobserved quality; students differ in location and ability. Short-lived students observe a school ranking as a signal about schools' relative qualities, but this signal also depends on the abilities of schools' past intakes. Students apply to schools, trading off expected quality against proximity. Oversubscribed schools select applicants based on an admission...
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作者：Bhattacharya, Puja; Nielsen, Kirby; Sengupta, Arjun
作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Stanford University; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
摘要：Using an experiment, we demonstrate that a communication regime in which a worker communicates about his intended effort is less effective in: (i) soliciting truthful information; and (ii) motivating effort than one in which he communicates about his past effort. Our experiment uses a real-effort task, which additionally allows us to demonstrate the effects of communication on effort over time. We show that the timing of communication affects the dynamic pattern of work. In both treatments, in...
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作者：Adda, Jerome; Fawaz, Yarine
作者单位：Bocconi University
摘要：This paper assesses the effect of import competition on the labour market and health outcomes of US workers. We first show that import shocks affect employment and income, but only in areas where jobs are more intense in routine tasks. Exploiting over 40 million individual observations on health and mortality, we find that import had a detrimental effect on physical and mental health that is concentrated in those areas and exhibits strong persistence. It decreased healthcare utilisation and in...
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作者：Aldashev, Gani; Marini, Marco; Verdier, Thierry
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This article provides a theoretical framework to understand the tendency of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to cluster and the circumstances under which such clustering is socially undesirable. NGOs compete through fundraising for donations and choose issues to focus their projects on. Donors have latent willingness-to-give that may differ across issues, but they need to be 'awakened' to give. Raising funds focusing on the same issue creates positive informational spillovers across NGOs....
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作者：Dippel, Christian; Greif, Avner; Trefler, Daniel
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); University of Toronto
摘要：In economies with a large informal sector firms can increase profits by reducing workers' outside options in that informal sector. We formalise this idea in a simple model of an agricultural economy with plantation owners who lobby the government to enact coercive policies-e.g., the eviction and incarceration of squatting smallhold farmers-that reduce the value to working outside the formal sector. Using unique data for 14 British West Indies 'sugar islands' from 1838 (the year of slave emanci...
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作者：Bloom, David E.; Kuhn, Michael; Prettner, Klaus
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; University of Vienna; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); University Hohenheim
摘要：We analyse the economic consequences for poor countries of investing in female health within a unified growth model featuring health-related gender differences in productivity. Better female health accelerates the demographic transition and thereby the take-off towards sustained economic growth. By contrast, male health improvements delay the transition and take-off because they tend to raise fertility. However, households tend to prefer male health improvements over female health improvements...
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作者：Mengel, Friederike
作者单位：University of Essex; Lund University
摘要：Gender differences in networking have been cited as an important reason behind gender earnings and promotion gaps. Despite this fact there is comparatively little evidence on whether such differences exist or what they look like. We conduct a series of experiments to gain insight into these questions. The experiments are designed to understand differences in the strategic use of networks, when both men and women have the same opportunities to network. While we do find evidence of gender earnin...
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作者：Attar, Andrea; Mariotti, Thomas; Salanie, Francois
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; University of Rome Tor Vergata; INRAE
摘要：We study resource allocation under private information when the planner cannot prevent bilateral side trading between consumers and firms. Adverse selection and side trading severely restrict feasible trades: each marginal quantity must be fairly priced given the consumer types who purchase it. The resulting social costs are twofold. First, second-best efficiency and robustness to side trading are in general irreconcilable requirements. Second, there actually exists only one budget-feasible al...
