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作者：Jacks, David S.; Pendakur, Krishna; Shigeoka, Hitoshi
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; Simon Fraser University
摘要：Using new data on county-level variation in alcohol prohibition from 1933 to 1939, we investigate whether the repeal of federal prohibition increased infant mortality, both in counties and states that repealed and in neighbouring counties. We find that repeal is associated with a 4.0% increase in infant mortality rates in counties that chose wet status via local option elections or state-wide legislation and with a 4.7% increase in neighbouring dry counties, suggesting a large role for cross-b...
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作者：Camous, Antoine; Cooper, Russell
作者单位：University of Mannheim; European University Institute
摘要：This paper studies the determination of income taxes in a dynamic setting with human capital accumulation. The goal is to understand the factors that support an outcome without complete redistribution. given a majority of relatively poor agents and the inability to commit to future taxes. All agents agree ex ante that limiting tax and transfers is beneficial but a majority favours large redistribution, ex post. at the time of the vote. in a political influence game, group activism limits the s...
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作者：Li, W.
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作者：Herz, Holger; Huber, Martin; Maillard-Bjedov, Tjasa; Tyahlo, Svitlana
作者单位：University of Fribourg
摘要：Differences in patience across language groups have recently received increased attention in the literature. We provide evidence on this issue by measuring time preferences of French and German speakers from a bilingual municipality in Switzerland where institutions are shared and socio-economic conditions are very similar across the two language groups. We find that French speakers are significantly more impatient than German speakers, and differences are particularly pronounced when payments...
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作者：Bergolo, Marcelo; Burdin, Gabriel; De Rosa, Mauricio; Giaccobasso, Matias; Leiter, Martin
作者单位：Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Leeds; Paris School of Economics; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Based on detailed administrative tax records. we implement a bunching design to explore how individual taxpayers respond to personal income taxation in Uruguay. We estimate a very modest elasticity of taxable income at the first kink point (0.06) driven by a combination of gross labour income and deduction responses. Taxpayers use personal deductions more intensively close to the kink point and underreport income to the tax authority. Our results suggest that the efficiency costs of taxation a...
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作者：Antler, Yair
作者单位：Tel Aviv University
摘要：We study multi-lateral risk sharing when the state of nature is unverifiable, so that contracts are conditioned on a state-dependent signal (e.g., net earnings in a financial report). A subset of the agents can manipulate the signal's realisation at some cost and, as a result, Pareto-optimal reallocation of risk is precluded. The agents can write additional side contracts that can be used to incentivise one of the parties to manipulate the signal. Using a novel stability notion that takes into...
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作者：Kurnaz, Musab
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte
摘要：This paper studies optimal taxation of families-a combination of an income tax schedule and child tax credits. Child-rearing requires both goods and parental time, which distinctly impact the design of optimal child tax credits. In the quantitative analysis, I calibrate my model to the US economy and show that the optimal child tax credits are U-shaped in income and decrease with family size. In particular, the optimal credits decrease in the first nine deciles of the income distribution and t...
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作者：Cacciatore, Matteo; Ravenna, Federico
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Bank of Canada; University of Copenhagen
摘要：We show that limited wage flexibility in economic downturns generates strong and state-dependent amplification of uncertainty shocks. It also explains the cyclical behaviour of empirical measures of uncertainty. In the presence of matching frictions, an occasionally binding constraint on downward wage adjustment enhances the concavity of firms' hiring rule, resulting in an endogenous profit risk-premium. In turn, higher uncertainty increases the profit risk-premium when the economy operates cl...
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作者：Choi, Sekyu; Rios-Rull, Jose-Victor
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of Pennsylvania; University of London; University College London; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We pose technology shocks where the innovation is biased towards more recently installed plants. On one extreme. the shock is like a neutral technological shock, while on the other end it resembles investment-specific technological shocks. We embed these shocks in a model with putty-clay technology and estimate it requiring that the model replicates the volatility properties of the Solow residual and the overshooting property of the labour share of output. Our estimates show that putty-clay na...
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作者：Foerster, Manuel; van der Weele, Joel J.
作者单位：University of Bielefeld; University of Amsterdam
摘要：We investigate strategic communication about the social impact of costly prosocial actions. A 'sender' with noisy information about impact sends a cheap-talk message to a 'receiver', upon which both agents choose whether to act. In the presence of social preferences and image concerns, the sender trades off persuasion, exaggerating impact to induce receiver action, and justification, downplaying impact to cast doubt on the effectiveness of action and excuse her own passivity. In an experiment ...
