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作者：de Barros, Andreas; Fajardo-Gonzalez, Johanna; Glewwe, Paul; Sankar, Ashwini
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of California System; University of California Irvine; The World Bank; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Minnesota Department of Health (MHD)
摘要：There is substantial emphasis on improving classroom practices, primarily through activity-based instruction, to increase the productivity of schooling. We study a large programme that seeks to promote mathematics learning in government primary schools in India. Through a cluster-randomised trial we find that the programme increased activity-based instruction, but yielded only muted impacts on learning. We provide a potential explanation: school value-added models suggest a negative relationsh...
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作者：Kirchmaier, Tom; Langella, Monica; Manning, Alan
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：People care about crime, with the spatial distribution of both actual and perceived crime affecting the local amenities from living in different areas and residential decisions. The literature finds that crime tends to happen close to the offender's residence, but does not clearly establish whether this is because the location of likely offenders and crime opportunities are close to each other, whether more local crimes are likely to be solved or whether there is a high commuting cost for crim...
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作者：Carvalho, Jean-Paul; Sacks, Michael
作者单位：University of Oxford; Clarkson University
摘要：This paper analyses the rise of radical movements and the design of counter-radicalisation policies. A group derives meaning from participation in identity-based activities and a forward-looking organisation provides a platform for these activities. The warning sign for radicalisation is cultural purification by the organisation, i.e., the screening out of moderates and exclusive recruitment of radicals. While this shrinks the club, it puts it on a growth path along which it becomes larger and...
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作者：Denderski, Piotr; Sniekers, Florian
作者单位：University of Leicester; University of Leicester; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Economics of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Tilburg University
摘要：In most OECD countries, unemployment rates show no trend, which is puzzling if advancements in information and communication technologies decrease labour-market frictions. We show, both analytically and quantitatively, that accounting for the secular decline in self-employment rates solves the puzzle. While declining labour-market frictions can theoretically explain these trends, we provide contradictory causal evidence that the roll-out of broadband internet has increased self-employment and ...
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作者：Christian, Paul; Barrett, Christopher B.
作者单位：The World Bank; Cornell University
摘要：The long-recognised spurious regression problem can lead to mistaken inference in panel instrumental variable estimation. Spurious correlations arising from correlated cycles in finite time horizons can make irrelevant instruments appear strong with signable consequences for estimated instrumental variable coefficients, or interfere with valid inference of causal effects from instrumental variable coefficients estimated using relevant instruments. The inclusion of time fixed effects in interac...
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作者：Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Bharadwaj, Prashant; Fenske, James; Nyshadham, Anant; Stanley, Richard
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Warwick
摘要：Using two decades of data from 12 low-income countries in West Africa, we show that dust carried by harmattan trade winds increases infant and child mortality. Health investments respond to dust exposure, consistent with compensating behaviours. Despite these efforts, surviving children still exhibit negative health impacts. Our data allow us to investigate differential impacts over time and across countries. We find declining impacts over time, suggesting adaptation. Using national-level meas...
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作者：Alatas, Vivi; Chandrasekhar, Arun G.; Mobius, Markus; Olken, Benjamin A.; Paladines, Cindy
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Microsoft; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Do celebrity endorsements matter? And if so, how can celebrities communicate effectively? We conduct a nationwide Twitter experiment in Indonesia promoting vaccination. Celebrity messages are 72% more likely to be passed on or liked than similar messages without a celebrity's imprimatur. In total, 66% of the celebrity effect comes from authorship, compared to passing on messages. Citing external medical sources decreases retweets by 27%. Phone surveys show that those randomly exposed to messag...
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作者：Allub, Lian; Gomes, Pedro; Kuehn, Zoe
作者单位：University of London; Birkbeck University London; Autonomous University of Madrid
摘要：Capital-skill complementarity in production implies non-trivial interactions between the availability of human capital and financial constraints. Firms that are constrained in their access to finance hire a lower proportion of skilled workers than do unconstrained firms. Conversely, a lack of human capital increases skilled wages, reducing firms' desired capital intensity and thus loosening firms' effective financial constraints. To assess the macroeconomic implications of such firm-level inte...
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作者：Brodeur, Abel; Cook, Nikolai; Neisser, Carina
作者单位：University of Ottawa; Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Cologne; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper examines the relationship between p-hacking, publication bias and data-sharing policies. We collect 38,876 test statistics from 1,106 articles published in leading economic journals between 2002-20. We find that, while data-sharing policies increase the provision of data, they do not decrease the extent of p-hacking and publication bias. Similarly, articles that use hard-to-access administrative data or third-party surveys, as compared to those that use easier-to-access (e.g., autho...
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作者：Pavese, Caterina; Rubolino, Enrico
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Lausanne; University of Lausanne
摘要：This paper shows that austerity spending cuts harmed student performance in standardised national tests. To identify this relationship, we use cross-municipality variation in the timing of eligibility for the Italian Domestic Stability Pact as an exogenous shifter of local public spending. We then compare test scores for students that were from the same municipality, but who were exposed to different levels of austerity cuts based on their birth year. Combining administrative data on public sp...
