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作者：Cobb-Clark, Deborah A.; Dahmann, Sarah C.; Kamhoefer, Daniel A.; Schildberg-Hoerisch, Hannah
作者单位：University of Sydney; University of Queensland; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children & Families Over the Life Course; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Melbourne; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Max Planck Society
摘要：This paper studies important determinants of adult self-control using population-representative data and exploiting Germany's division as quasi-experimental variation. We find that former East Germans have substantially more self-control than West Germans and provide evidence for government surveillance as a possible underlying mechanism. We thereby demonstrate that institutional factors can shape people's self-control. Moreover, we find that self-control increases linearly with age. In contra...
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作者：van Vlokhoven, Has
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：Capital costs are not directly observed since firms own part of their capital stock. I show under which assumptions variation in firms' input choices reveals the user cost of capital. Using Compustat data for the United States, I find that the costs of tangible capital as a share of output have not been increasing, while economic profits have been increasing over the past 50 years from around 4% to around 9% of sales. About three-quarters of the fall in the labour share is associated with a ri...
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作者：Denderski, Piotr; Sniekers, Florian
作者单位：University of Leicester; University of Leicester; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Economics of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Tilburg University
摘要：In most OECD countries, unemployment rates show no trend, which is puzzling if advancements in information and communication technologies decrease labour-market frictions. We show, both analytically and quantitatively, that accounting for the secular decline in self-employment rates solves the puzzle. While declining labour-market frictions can theoretically explain these trends, we provide contradictory causal evidence that the roll-out of broadband internet has increased self-employment and ...
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作者：Moorthy, Vivek S.
作者单位：College of the Holy Cross
摘要：I study how agricultural technological change affects labour market opportunities and fertility in a developing country context. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in the adoption of genetically engineered soy across municipalities in Brazil, I show that this labour-saving technology reduced female agricultural earnings and employment without inducing any female sectoral reallocation. Furthermore, this technology adoption increased fertility due to increases in overall household earnings...
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作者：Casas, Agustin; Curci, Federico; De Moragas, Antoni-Italo
作者单位：CUNEF Universidad
摘要：We exploit a unique quasi-experiment to study the effects of judicial decisions on sensitive issues on political attitudes. In 2010, the Spanish Constitutional Court partially overruled the new Catalan Constitution-the Estatut-that granted further decentralisation. Our identification strategy relies on the fact that this ruling occurred amid a public opinion survey. We find that the ruling increased support for independence by 5 percentage points. We interpret this result as evidence of judici...
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作者：Christian, Paul; Barrett, Christopher B.
作者单位：The World Bank; Cornell University
摘要：The long-recognised spurious regression problem can lead to mistaken inference in panel instrumental variable estimation. Spurious correlations arising from correlated cycles in finite time horizons can make irrelevant instruments appear strong with signable consequences for estimated instrumental variable coefficients, or interfere with valid inference of causal effects from instrumental variable coefficients estimated using relevant instruments. The inclusion of time fixed effects in interac...
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作者：Ciancio, Alberto; Delavande, Adeline; Kohler, Hans-Peter; Kohler, Iliana, V
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Technology Sydney; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We investigate the impact of a randomised information intervention about population-level mortality on health investment and subjective health expectations. Our focus is on risky sex in a high-HIV-prevalence environment. Treated individuals are less likely to engage in risky sexual practices one year after the intervention, with, for example, an 8% increase in abstinence. We collected detailed data on individuals' subjective expectations about their own and population survival, as well as othe...
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作者：Castro, Adrian Nieto
作者单位：Lund University
摘要：This paper exploits exogenous variation in the transition date from an analogue to digital television signal in the UK across more than 32,000 geographical units to examine the causal impact of television on academic performance and potential mechanisms. Using a large administrative dataset on the universe of students in public education in England, I show that the switchover increased pupil test scores and that the effect is driven by economically disadvantaged students. Using TV market data ...
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作者：Bartels, Charlotte; Jaeger, Simon; Obergruber, Natalie
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：What are the long-term economic effects of a more equal distribution of wealth? We investigate consequences of land inequality, exploiting variation in land inheritance rules that traverse political, linguistic, geological and religious borders in Germany. In some German areas, inherited land was to be shared or divided equally among children, while in others land was ruled to be indivisible. Using a geographic regression discontinuity design, we first show a more equal land distribution in ar...
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作者：Grossmann, Volker; Schuenemann, Johannes; Strulik, Holger
作者单位：University of Fribourg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Gottingen
摘要：We study the optimal design of a fair public pension system in a multi-period overlapping generations model with occupation-specific morbidity and mortality that depends on the retirement age. The fairness constraint acts as institutional device ensuring that lifetime returns to contributions are equal across occupational groups. We consider group-specific replacement rates and a calculatory interest rate for early contributions as policy instruments. Calibrating the model to Germany, we find ...
