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作者：Basu, Kaushik; Das, Sanghamitra; Dutta, Bhaskar
作者单位：Cornell University; Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Delhi; University of Warwick
摘要：Some studies on child labor have shown that, at the level of the household, greater land wealth leads to higher child labor, thereby casting doubt on the hypothesis that child labor is caused by poverty. This paper argues that the missing ingredient may be an explicit modeling of the labor market. We develop a simple model which suggests the possibility of an inverted-U relationship between land holdings and child labor. Using a unique data set that has child labor hours it is found that, cont...
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作者：Loayza, Norman V.; Raddatz, Claudio
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper contributes to explain the cross-country heterogeneity of the poverty response to changes in economic growth. It does so by focusing on the structure of output growth itself. The paper presents a two-sector theoretical model that clarifies the mechanism through which the sectoral composition of growth and associated labor intensity can affect workers' wages and, thus, poverty alleviation. Then, it presents cross-country empirical evidence that analyzes, first, the differential pover...
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作者：Lee, Jeong-Joon; Sawada, Yasuyuki
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University System of Maryland; Towson University
摘要：This paper investigates precautionary saving under liquidity constraints in Pakistan using household panel data, In particular, while it estimates Kimball's [Kimball, M.S. Precautionary saving in the small and in the large. Econometrica 1990: 58; 53-73.] prudence parameter based on a framework that is similar to Dynan [Dynan, K.E. How prudent are consumers? journal of Political Economy 1993; 101; 1104-1113.], this study deviates from the framework by explicitly considering liquidity constraint...
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作者：Berman, Nicolas; Hericourt, Jerome
作者单位：Universite de Lille
摘要：Using a large cross-country, firm-level database containing 5000 firms in 9 developing and emerging economies, we study how financial factors affect both firms' export decisions and the amount exported by firms. First, our results highlight the importance of the impact of firms' access to finance on their entry decision into the export market. However, better financial health neither increases the probability of remaining an exporter once the firm has entered, nor the size of exports. Second, ...
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作者：Leonard, Kenneth L.; Masatu, Melkiory C.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Many doctors in developing countries provide considerably lower quality care to their patients than they have been trained to provide. The gap between best possible practice and actual performance (often referred to as the know-do gap) is difficult to measure among doctors who differ in levels of training and experience and who face very different types of patients. we exploit the Hawthorne effect-in which doctors change their behavior when a researcher comes to observe their practices-to meas...
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作者：Goetghebuer, Tatiana; Platteau, Jean-Philippe
作者单位：University of Namur
摘要：On the basis of detailed information on inheritance practices collected in the course of an in-depth survey of three Andean communities of Peru, and unlike most empirical studies which rely on remittance functions, we have been able to estimate an inheritance function with a view to identifying the main factors associated with particular patterns of land bequests. A central result is that the positive relationship between caring and a favourable access to land bequest indeed exists, yet is onl...
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作者：Dinopoulos, Elias; Segerstrom, Paul
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：This paper develops a model of North-South trade with Multinational firms and economic growth in order to analyze formally the effects of stronger intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in developing countries. In the model, Northern firms invent new higher-quality products, multinational firms transfer manufacturing operations to the South and the Southern firms imitate products produced by multinational firms. It is shown that stronger IPR protection in the South (i.e., the adoption a...
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作者：Vicente, Pedro C.
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; University of Oxford
摘要：This paper explores the oil discovery announcements in Sao Tome and Principe (1997-1999) to assess the role of natural resources in determining corruption. For this purpose, we use a natural experiment framework which contrasts Sao Tome and Principe to Cape Verde, a control West African country sharing the same colonial past and important recent economic and political shocks. Our measurement is based on tailored household surveys we conducted in both island countries. The unique survey instrum...
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作者：Agenor, Pierre-Richard; Aizenman, Joshua
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper studies the impact of aid volatility in a two-period model where production may occur with either a traditional or a modern technology. Public spending is productive and time to build requires expenditure in both periods for the modern technology to be used. The possibility of a poverty trap induced by high aid volatility is first examined in a benchmark case where taxation is absent. The analysis is then extended to account for self insurance (taking the form of a first-period cont...
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作者：Feltenstein, Andrew; Rochon, Celine; Shamloo, Maral
作者单位：National Science Foundation (NSF); University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper analyzes certain policies that are typical of a number of rapidly growing East Asian countries in which a fixed exchange rate, combined with a surplus labor market, has made domestic assets relatively inexpensive, generating high rates of FDI as well as domestic capital formation. This investment hunger can lead to unanticipated declines in the returns to investment, and resulting financial insolvencies. Private consumption remains low and there are concerns that high savings rates ...
