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作者：Aldashev, Gani; Verdier, Thierry
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; University of Namur
摘要：This paper builds a model of competition through fundraising between horizontally differentiated NGOs. NGOs allocate their time resource between working on the project and fundraising, which attracts private donations. If the market size is fixed, the fundraising levels increase with the number of NGOs and the free-entry equilibrium number of NGOs can be larger or smaller than the socially optimal number, depending on the efficiency of the fundraising technology. If the market size is endogeno...
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作者：Bengtsson, Niklas
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：We use time-series of rainfall to estimate the response of body weight to transitory changes in household income in rural Tanzania. We find that the response of body weight to income changes is positive on average, but that the impact is highest for female children, and lower for adults. For female children, a ten-percent increase in household income implies ail increase in body weight by about 0.4 kg. In contrast, the body weight of adolescents and young adults is virtually invariant to incom...
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作者：Kondylis, Florence
作者单位：Columbia University; The World Bank
摘要：The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina of the early nineties displaced 1.3 million people. This study uses longitudinal data to document the effects of this displacement on labor market outcomes. To account for endogeneity in displacement. I exploit the fact that the level of violence affected the decision to leave and that pre-war economic performance is orthogonal to local violence levels. I find that displaced Bosnians are less likely to be working relative to the people who stayed. Displaced me...
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作者：Lin, Chen; Lin, Ping; Song, Frank
作者单位：Lingnan University; City University of Hong Kong; Shandong University; University of Hong Kong
摘要：Following the recent literature on institutions and economic growth, we examine the effects of property rights protection on corporate R&D. Using a unique 2003 World Bank survey of over 2400 firms in 18 Chinese cities, we obtain the following findings: (1) property rights protection is positively and significantly related to corporate R&D activity (for both process and product R & D); (2) government services and helping hand are conducive to corporate R&D, while informal payments to government...
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作者：Bjornskov, Christian
作者单位：Aarhus University
摘要：A popular argument for the absence of any beneficial effects of foreign aid is that it is skimmed by political elites in recipient countries. However, studies also suggest that aid may be more effective in relatively democratic developing countries. By exploring data on income quintiles derived from the World Income Inequality Database for 88 developing countries, a set of results indicate that foreign aid and democracy in conjunction are associated with a higher share of income held by the up...
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作者：Gamper-Rabindran, Shanti; Khan, Shakeeb; Timmins, Christopher
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Duke University
摘要：We examine the impact of piped water on the under-1 infant mortality rate (IMR) in Brazil using a recently developed econometric procedure for the estimation of quantile treatment effects with panel data. The provision of piped water in Brazil is highly correlated with other observable and unobservable determinants of IMR the latter leading to an important source of bias. Instruments for piped water provision are not readily available, and fixed effects to control for time-invariant correlated...
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作者：Oyelere, Ruth Uwaifo
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：In the last two decades, the social and economic benefits of formal education in Sub-Saharan Africa have been debated. Anecdotal evidence points to low returns to education in Africa. Unfortunately, there is limited econometric evidence to support these claims at the micro level. In this study, I focus on Nigeria, a country that holds 1/5 of Africa's population. I use instruments based on the exogenous timing of the implementation and withdrawal of free primary education across regions in this...
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作者：Rauch, James E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：For many less developed countries production of high quality output is a precondition for firms to become exporters. Institutional deficiencies that raise costs of high quality production therefore limit the positive impact that trade facilitation can have on income. Consequently, institutional reforms that reduce costs of high quality production and trade reform have synergistic effects. In contrast, institutional reforms that reduce costs of low quality production (e.g., reforms that disprop...
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作者：Fleck, Robert K.; Kilby, Christopher
作者单位：Villanova University; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要：This paper explores how U.S. bilateral economic aid has changed over time, focusing on how the recent era-in which the War on Terror has played a prominent role in the Bush administration's aid policy-differs from previous eras. In particular. has the renewed geopolitical role of aid coincided with a reduction of aid to the poorest countries or less weight on need in U.S. aid allocation decisions? We start with an analysis of annual U.S. aid budgets from 1955 to 2006. Controlling for domestic ...
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作者：Puga, Diego; Trefler, Daniel
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
摘要：Increasingly, a small number of low-wage countries such as China and India are involved in incremental innovation. That is, they are responsible for resolving production-line bugs and suggesting product improvements. We provide evidence of this new phenomenon and develop a model in which there is a transition from old-style product-cycle trade to trade involving incremental innovation in low-wage countries. The model explains why levels of involvement in incremental innovation vary across low-...
