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作者：Cisse, Jennifer Denno; Barrett, Christopher B.
作者单位：United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Cornell University
摘要：Despite significant spending on 'resilience' by international development agencies, no theory-based method for estimating or measuring development resilience has yet been developed. This paper introduces an econometric strategy for estimating individual or household-level development resilience from panel data. Estimation of multiple conditional moments of a welfare function-itself specified to permit potentially nonlinear path dynamics-enables the computation and forecasting of individual-spe...
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作者：Chatterjee, Santanu; Turnovsky, Stephen J.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Many developing countries are characterized by a large informal sector, and are also often heavily dependent on remittance inflows from abroad. We develop a general equilibrium framework to understand better the dynamic absorption of remittances in a two-sector small open economy, by incorporating many of the stylized features of the informal sector. Calibrating the model to yield a long-run equilibrium consistent with sample averages for 56 developing countries for the period 1990-2014, we sh...
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作者：de Quidt, Jonathan; Fetzer, Thiemo; Ghatak, Maitreesh
作者单位：Stockholm University; Stockholm University; University of Warwick; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Numerous authors point to a decline in joint liability microcredit, and rise in individual liability lending. But empirical evidence is lacking, and there have been no rigorous analyses of possible causes. We first show using the well-known MIX Market dataset that there is evidence for a decline. Second, we show theoretically that commercialization-an increase in competition and a shift from non-profit to for-profit lending (both of which are present in the data)-drives lenders to reduce their...
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作者：Majlesi, Kaveh; Narciso, Gaia
作者单位：Lund University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Trinity College Dublin
摘要：We analyze the effects of the increase in China's import competition on Mexican domestic and international migration. We exploit the variation in exposure to competition from China, following its accession to the WTO in 2001, across Mexican municipalities and estimate the effect of international competition on the individual decision to migrate. Controlling for individual and municipality features, we find that individuals living in municipalities more exposed to Chinese import competition are...
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作者：Iyer, Sriya; Shrivastava, Anand
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; Azim Premji Foundation; Azim Premji University Bengaluru
摘要：We study the effect of Hindu-Muslim riots on election results in India. We combine data on geo-coded riots with data on state elections and on demographics and public goods provision to construct a unique panel data set for 16 large states in India from 1981 to 2001. A new instrument is used that draws upon the random variation in the day of the week that Hindu festivals fall on, as set by a lunar calendar. The probability of a riot increases if a Hindu festival falls on a Friday, the holy day...
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作者：Liu, Antung A.; Linn, Joshua; Qin, Ping; Yang, Jun
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Resources for the Future; Renmin University of China; Beijing Jiaotong University
摘要：This paper studies the effects of vehicle ownership restrictions on fertility. We examine Beijing's license plate lottery system, which began in 2011 and restricts the number of new and used vehicles people can obtain. Leveraging a randomized survey, we show that one unintended consequence of the vehicle restrictions has been to reduce the number of births in the households of lottery entrants between 2011 and 2014. The vehicle restrictions reduce births in households of lottery participants b...
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作者：Mayneris, Florian; Poncet, Sandra; Zhang, Tao
作者单位：University of Quebec; University of Quebec Montreal; heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Paris School of Economics; Shanghai University of International Business & Economics
摘要：We here consider how Chinese firms react to higher minimum wages, exploiting the 2004 minimum-wage Reform in China. After this reform, we find that the wage costs for surviving firms that were more exposed to minimum wage hikes rose, but also that their productivity significantly improved, allowing them to absorb the cost shock without any change in their profitability and with limited job losses. Our results are robust to pre-existing trend analysis and an IV strategy. However, the survival p...
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作者：Munoz, Juan Sebastian
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：The literature that has previously shown that boys outperform girls in math tests has failed to explain the underlying causes of the phenomenon. This math gender gap has been documented to vary across countries, and shown to grow as students advance through school. In this paper I suggest that these patterns may be explained by sample selection caused by gender differences in schooling's opportunity costs, which lead lower-achieving males to drop out. I present and test the implications of a l...
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作者：van der Windt, Peter; Humphreys, Macartan; de la Sierra, Raul Sanchez
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; Wageningen University & Research; Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We examine whether gender quotas introduced by development agencies empower women. As part of a development program, an international organization created community management committees in 661 villages to oversee village level program expenditures. In a randomly selected half of these villages the organization required the committees to have gender parity. Using data on project choice from all participating villages, data on decision making in a later development project (105 villages), and d...
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作者：Jones, Maria; Kondylis, Florence
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：We design a field experiment to test whether eliciting feedback can affect demand for a service. We randomly assign different feedback tools in the context of an agricultural service and track their impact on farmers' demand. We Fuld large demand effects, in the current and following agricultural seasons. These demand effects spill over, as non-client farmers in the vicinity of treated groups are more likely to sign up. Announcing monitoring to trainers across treatment and control communities...
