2020

最新文章

• Who marries whom in a surging housing market? AI翻译
  作者：Sun, Ang; Zhang, Qinghua
  作者单位：Renmin University of China; Peking University
  摘要：This paper investigates the impact of a surging housing market on marital sorting. Our empirical analysis shows that there is increasing assortativeness on original family background in response to housing price appreciation. That is, for husbands, when the down payment doubles, one more year of paternal schooling predicts a marriage in which the father-in-law's schooling is 0.057 year greater than in a scenario in which the down payment does not increase. The rising assortativeness could exac...
• The effect of air pollution on body weight and obesity: Evidence from China AI翻译
  作者：Deschenes, Olivier; Wang, Huixia; Wang, Si; Zhang, Peng
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; Hunan University; Hunan University; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
  摘要：We provide the first study estimating the causal effect of air pollution on body weight and obesity. Using the China Health and Nutrition Survey, which contains detailed longitudinal health and socioeconomic information for 13,741 adult individuals over 1989-2015, we find significant positive effects of air pollution, instrumented by thermal inversions, on body weight. Specifically, a 1 mu g/m(3) (1.54%) increase in average PM2.5 concentrations in the past 12 months increases body mass index b...
• How public information affects asymmetrically informed lenders: Evidence from a credit registry reform AI翻译
  作者：Choudhary, M. Ali; Jain, Anil K.
  作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
  摘要：We exploit exogenous variation in firm's public information available to banks to empirically evaluate the importance of adverse selection in the credit market using a Pakistani banking reform that reduced public information. Originally, the central bank published credit information about the firm and (aggregate) credit information about the firm's group. After the reform, the central bank stopped providing the aggregate group-level information. We construct a measure for the amount of informa...
• Preparing for genocide: Quasi-experimental evidence from Rwanda AI翻译
  作者：Bonnier, Evelina; Poulsen, Jonas; Rogall, Thorsten; Stryjan, Miri
  作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Uppsala University; University of British Columbia; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
  摘要：This paper shows how state-controlled community meetings can facilitate large-scale mobilization of civilians into violence. We analyze a Rwandan community program that required citizens to participate in community work and political meetings every Saturday in the years before the 1994 genocide. We exploit cross-sectional variation in meeting intensity induced by exogenous weather fluctuations, and find that a one standard-deviation increase in the number of rainy Saturdays before the genocide...
• Informing and inquiring: Experimental evidence on reducing traffic violations AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Jinan; Perloff, Jeffrey M.; Lu, Fangwen
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Renmin University of China
  摘要：This large-scale field experiment examines what kind of text messages from the police can reduce traffic violations in China. A warning treatment informed drivers that most intersections have traffic monitoring devices. A penalty treatment informed drivers of the penalty for running a red light in addition to the warning message. An inquiry treatment asked drivers for their opinions on how to best disseminate the warning message. The two information treatments did not affect the frequency of s...
• Land and labor allocation under communal tenure: Theory and evidence from China AI翻译
  作者：Zhao, Xiaoxue
  作者单位：Yale University; Wesleyan University
  摘要：This paper studies rural communities' land and labor choices under communal tenure. I develop a theoretical framework to explain why rural communities often adopt practices of labor-contingent land access and frequent land reallocations under communal tenure, and argue that, although these practices reduce cross-household income inequality and improve agricultural production efficiency under imperfect markets, they can nonetheless inefficiently trap labor in agriculture. I rely on a legal refo...
• Improving learning outcomes through information provision: Experimental evidence from Indian villages AI翻译
  作者：Afridi, Farzana; Barooah, Bidisha; Somanathan, Rohini
  作者单位：Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Delhi; Delhi School of Economics
  摘要：We study how information to parents and schools on the performance of primary school children can improve learning outcomes in an environment where public and private schools co-exist. Contiguous village councils in the Indian state of Rajasthan are randomly assigned to either a control or one of four treatment groups in which student report cards on curriculum-based tests are provided to schools, parents or both. We find no changes in academic performance in public schools. Student performanc...
• Common transport infrastructure: A quantitative model and estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative AI翻译
  作者：de Soyres, Francois; Mulabdic, Alen; Ruta, Michele
  作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; The World Bank
  摘要：This paper presents a structural general equilibrium model to analyze the effects on trade, welfare, and gross domestic product of common transport infrastructure. The model builds on Caliendo and Parro (2015) to allow for changes in trade costs due to improvements in transportation infrastructure, financed through domestic taxation, connecting multiple countries. The model highlights the trade impact of infrastructure investments through cross-border input-output linkages. This framework is t...
• Land quality, land rights, and indigenous poverty AI翻译
  作者：Leonard, Bryan; Parker, Dominic P.; Anderson, Terry L.
  作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Stanford University
  摘要：Agricultural land endowments should contribute positively to economic growth, but in countries colonized by European powers this has not always happened. Productive land attracted colonization, which disrupted Indigenous institutions in ways that can stunt development. American Indian reservations provide a powerful example. Where land quality was high, the federal government facilitated land titling and non-Indian settlement through the General Allotment Act of 1887. The evidence suggests thi...
• Following the poppy trail: Origins and consequences of Mexican drug cartels AI翻译
  作者：Murphy, Tommy E.; Rossi, Martin A.
  摘要：This paper studies the origins, and economic and social consequences of some of the most prominent drug trafficking organizations in the world: the Mexican cartels. It first traces the current location of cartels to the places where Chinese migrated at the beginning of the 20th century, discussing and documenting how both events are strongly connected. Information on Chinese presence at the beginning of the 20th century is then used to instrument for cartel presence today, to identify the effe...